First Aid

Question 1

Examining an injured person

Answer 1

Check for Breathing, Bleeding, and Shock

Question 2

Four rules for using a stretcher

Answer 2

1. Use standard stretchers when available
2. Bring stretcher to casualty
3. Fasten casualty Securely
4. Move Feet First

Question 3

Burns

Answer 3

1. 1st Degree- red, swelling, and painful
2. 2nd Degree- Blisters and most Painful
3. 3rd degree- most serious, skin may be white or charred
4. 4th Degree- Extends into muscle and bone, painless, charred

Question 4

Heat injuries

Answer 4

1. Heat Cramps- work in hot environments or engaged in strenuous exercise
   without acclimating to the conditions
2. Heat Exhaustion- most common heat related injury resulting from
   prolonged exposure to hot conditions
3. Heat Stroke- not as common but far more serious than heat exhaustion

Question 5

Fractures

Answer 5

1. Open- Break through skin and tissue
2. Closed- Break is completely internal

Question 6

Types of Bleeding-

Answer 6

1. Arterial- bright and spurts
2. Venous- Dark and has a steady flow
3. Capillary- Bleeding is slow from the cut

Question 7

Tourniquets should NEVER be removed in the Field
True or False

Answer 7

True

Question 8

4 signs of Shock

Answer 8

1. Weak rapid pulse
2. Enlarged pupils
3. Shallow irregular breath
4. Nausea

Question 9

ABC of life support

Answer 9

Airway, Breathing, Circulation

Question 10

Sucking Chest wound-

Answer 10

requires immediate treatment, seal wound with air tight dressing
sealed on 4 sides

Question 11

Treatment for Shock

Answer 11

1. Keep calm
2. Prevent from seeing injury
3. Elevate feet

Question 12

Three methods to purify water

Answer 12

Iodine tablets, Chlorine, Boiling

Question 13

Control bleeding by doing what

Answer 13

Direct pressure, indirect pressure, tourniquet, elevation

Question 14

Discuss the following treatments for environmental problems.

FROSTBITE
TRENCH FOOT
HYPOTHERMIA

Answer 14

TREATMENT - THAW WITH BODY HEAT OR WARM WATER
Clean with soap and water, dry thoroughly, elevate and keep extremity exposed to dry air.
VICTIM MUST BE WARMED QUICKLY
MOVE VICTIM TO WARMTH

Question 15

PATIENT MOVING DEVICES

Answer 15

STOKES STRETCHER
ARMY LITTER
MILLER BOARD
IMPROVISED STRETCHER
SPINE BOARDS
EMERGENCY RESCUE LINES
FIREMAN CARRY
PACK STRAP
ONE PERSON CARRY
TWO PERSON CARRY

Question 16

NINE LINE

Answer 16

1. LOCATION
2. RF OR CALL SIGN
3. # OF PATIENTS/PRECEDENCE
4. SPECIAL EQUIPMENT REQ
5. # OF PATIENTS/ AMBULATORY OR LITTER
6. SECURITY AT PICK UP SITE
7. METHOD OF MARKING
8. PATIENT NATIONALITY
9. NBC CONTAMINATION

Question 17

ADULT CPR COMPRESSION RATE
RESCUE BREATHING RATIO

Answer 17

30CC AT 100 BPM THEN 2 BREATHS
1 SLOW BREATH EVERY 5 SEC FOR 12 BREATHS