Scope Flashcards
What is project scope management?
Ensures that the project includes all the work required - and only the work required - to complete the project successfully
What is product scope?
Defines the features and functions of a product, service or result
What is a requirement?
A condition or capability that should be present in a product, service or result to satisfy its specifications
What is project scope?
Defines the work performed to deliver a product, service or result with the specified features and functions. It is like the project to-do list.
What is project scope dependent on?
Product scope
What is required to create a product scope?
Understand the product requirements
How do you complete the project scope?
Compare it to the product scope and the project management plan
What are the project management processes that belong to Project scope management?
Define scope Collect requirements Plan scope management Create WBS Control scope Validate scope
What is the benefit of collaborating with a business analyst?
Find problems and identify business needs to identify and recommend solutions for meetings those needs.
What is the benefit of collaborating with a business analyst?
Find problems and identify business needs to identify and recommend solutions for meetings those needs.
What are tailoring considerations for project scope management?
Knowledge and Requirements management Validation and Control Development approach Stability of requirements Governance
Describe a predictive life cycle.
Project deliverables are defined at the beginning of the project. Changes to the scope are managed progressively over the course of a project.
Describe and agile life cycle.
Deliverables are developed over multiple iterations. A detailed scope is defined and approved for each iteration. A product backlog is used to breakdown scope into sets of requirements and work to be performed.
What are key questions to ask the organization for tailoring project scope management?
“Does the organization have knowledge and requirements management systems?”
“What guidelines should I establish for requirements to be used in the future?”
“Does the organization have existing validation and control related policies, procedures and guidelines?”
“What types of development approaches does the organization use in managing projects?”
“What type of development approach is appropriate?”
“Are there areas of the project with unstable requirements?”
“Do unstable requirements necessitate the use of lean, agile, or other adaptive techniques until they are stable?”
“Does the organization have formal or informal audit and governance policies, procedures, and guidelines?”
What is the scope management plan?
Part of the project management plan and documents how the project and the product scope will be defined, developed, monitored, controlled and validated.
What process assets are considered inputs to the plan scope management process?
Project charter Organizational process assets Enterprise environmental factors Project management plan Quality management plan
What process assets are considered outputs to the plan scope management process?
Scope management plan
Requirements management plan
What are tools and techniques for the plan scope management process?
Meetings
Expert judgement
Data analysis
What is the collect requirements process?
Determine, document, and manage stakeholder needs and requirements for meeting objectives
What is the Work Breakdown structure?
Breaks down project into smaller more detailed activities. Requirements are the foundation.
What are the types of requirements that can be collected?
Business Stakeholder Solution - Functional and nonfunctional Transition and Readiness Project Quality
What is progressive elaboration?
Occurs when requirements become more clearly defined as the project advances.
What are the inputs to the collect requirements process?
Project documents Business documents Project management plan Project charter Organizational process assets Enterprise environmental factors Agreements
What are the outputs to the collect requirements process?
Requirements documentation
Requirements traceability matrix
What are the tools and techniques used for the collect requirements process?
Data gathering Context diagram Expert judgement Data representation Interpersonal and team skills Prototype Data analysis Decision making
What is the Nominal Group Technique?
Enhances brainstorming with a voting process for ranking useful ideas for further brainstorming or prioritization. Questions or problems are posed, they’re put on a filp chart to share, they’re discussed and finally voted on.
What is Multicriteria Decision analysis?
Uses a decision matrix for a systematic approach to establishing criteria such as risk levels, uncertainty, and valuation to evaluate ideas
What is the key benefit of the define scope process?
It describes the limitations and acceptance criteria for the project, service or result
What does the project scope statement do?
Allow the team to perform more detailed planning
Guides the team’s work during execution
Provides the baseline that helps with decision making on changes to the project
How is project scope done for an iterative life cycle?
You need to develop a high level vision for the project and determine the scope one iteration at a time.
What are the inputs to the define scope process?
Project documents Project charter Project management plan Enterprise environmental factors Organizational process assets
What are the outputs to the define scope process?
Project scope statement
Project documents updates
What elements should be in the project scope statement?
Product scope description
Deliverables
Acceptance criteria
Project exclusions
What project documents will need to be updated after defining the scope?
Assumption log
Requirements documentation
Requirements traceability matrix
Stakeholder register
What tools and techniques can be used with the define scope process?
Expert judgement Decision making Data analysis Product analysis Interpersonal and team skills
What is the work breakdown structure (WBS)?
Organizes and defines the total scope of a project by breaking down the work to be performed. It represents the work specified in the approved project scope statement.
What does Work refer to?
Work products or deliverables that are the result of an activity - not just the activity itself
What is a work package?
The lowest level component of the WBS. Grouped to better understand the activities.
What is the purpose of the WBS?
To subdivide project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components
What are the benefits of a WBS?
Can improve your allocation of resources, work performance, scheduling, and budget
What is decomposition?
A technique that allows you to divide project deliverables into small manageable parts which allows you to estimate and manage project cost and duration, and to assign a role to the activities.
How is the level of decomposition determined?
By the degree of control you need to effectively manage your project and to offer sufficient transparency for the team in order to gain their commitment. This is done in a work session with the team.
What 5 activities does decomposition involve?
Identify your deliverables and related work
Structure and organize your WBS
Decompose upper WBS levels into detailed, lower level components.
Develop and assign identification codes to WBS components
Verify that the correct amount of decomposition was used for your deliverables
What formats can you present your WBS in?
Use phases of the project life cycle as the second level of decomposition with the project deliverables at the third level.
Use major deliverables as the second level.
Incorporate subcomponents that might be developed by organizations outside the project team, such as contracted work
What should the work package include?
A unique identifier that provides a structure for summarizing the hierarchy of cost, schedule, and resource information, and forming a code of accounts
What is rolling wave planning?
Used when decomposition isn’t possible for a deliverable or subcomponent that will be achieved in the future. Waits until they are agreed upon and the develop the details of the WBS.
What is the 100% rule?
the total work at the lowest levels should roll up to higher levels. Nothing is left out and no extra work is performed.
What are the inputs to the Create WBS process?
Project documents
project management plan
Enterprise environmental factors
Organizational process assets
What are the outputs to the Create WBS process?
Scope baseline
Project documents updates
What should the scope baseline include?
Project scope statement WBS Work package Planning package WBS dictionary
What project documents will require updates as a result of defining scope?
Assumption log
Requirements documentation
What tools and techniques are used in the WBS process?
Decomposition
Expert judgement
What is the Validate Scope process used for?
To obtain the customer’s acceptance of completed project deliverables. To bring objectivity to the acceptance process. To increase the likelihood that the final product, service or result will gain acceptance by validating each deliverable.
When is the Validate Scope process done?
During the monitoring and controlling phase, as deliverables get completed
What is the Control Quality process?
Ensures deliverables are technically correct and meet the quality requirements.
What are verified deliverables?
Project deliverables that are completed and checked for correctness though the control quality process
What are accepted deliverables?
Deliverables that meet the criteria for acceptance and are approved by the customer or sponsor
How do verified deliverables turn into accepted deliverables?
Through the validate scope process
What are the inputs to the Validate Scope process?
Project management plan
project documents
Verified deliverables
Work performance data
What are the outputs to the Validate Scope process?
Change requests
Accepted deliverables
Project documents updates
Work performance information
What are tools and techniques used in the Validate Scope process?
Decision making
Inspection
What is scope creep?
When project scope expands uncontrollably because stakeholders expand their needs during the project
What is the control scope process?
Monitors the status of the project scope and manages changes to the scope baseline
What is the benefit of the control scope process?
The scope baseline is maintained throughout the project.
All requested changes and corrective or preventive actions are performed through the Perform Integrated Change Control process
What are inputs to the control scope process?
Organizational process assets
Work performance data
Project management plan
Project documents
What are outputs to the control scope process?
Project management plan updates
Change requests
Project documents updates
Work performance information
What are tool and techniques used in the control scope process?
data analysis
