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Undeleted > science unit D > Flashcards

science unit D Flashcards

1
Q

aesthetics

A

the pleasing appearance or effect that an object has, (not all structures need to be aesthetically pleasing)

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2
Q

describe a frame structure

A

made up of rigid arrangement of parts, or structural components fastened together. can be arranged in 2 & 3 dimensions. compared to solid, they are lighter

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3
Q

describe a shell structure

A

has a solid outer surface and a hollow inner area that can be in a rounded or flat shape. the rounded ones are usually stronger because the curves distribute the load around the surface. lighter then solid, stronger than frame

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4
Q

describe a solid structure

A

formed in a solid piece of strong material, little or no space inside, relies on its own mass to resist the forces that act on it. stronger than all, more massive and harder to move

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5
Q

function

A

use or purpose of something

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6
Q

is a music stand a solid, frame or shell structure?

A

frame

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7
Q

is a sports dome a solid, frame or shell structure?

A

shell

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8
Q

is a hydro electric dam a solid, frame or shell structure?

A

solid

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9
Q

structure

A

object that provides support

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10
Q

structural strength

A

refers to a structures capacity to hold itself up as well as any weight added

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11
Q

structural stability

A

structures ability to maintain its position even when it is being acted on by a force .

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12
Q

what do you have to verify in a structure

A

the climate, culture, tradition, tech, economics

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13
Q

what are some homes in other places of the world?

A

yurts, tents, gel, tepee

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14
Q

whats a force

A

a push or pull that tends to cause an object to changes its movement or shape

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15
Q

how does magnitude effect a force

A

the magnitude or size of the force - the bigger a forces magnitude, stronger it is and the more effect it will have on a structure

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16
Q

how does direction effect a force

A

the direction in which a force acts on a structure also determines what effect that forces will have

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17
Q

how does location effect a force

A

the location on a structure where a force is applied affects the outcome

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18
Q

external force

A

a force that is applied on a structure by something else (ex, when you walk in the wind, external force)

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19
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in an object. the more mass an object has, the greater the gravitational force

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20
Q

center of gravity

A

a point where theres a downward force of gravity acting on a structure, whats called the center of gravity.

21
Q

how is the center of gravity applied to stability

A

when a structure is supported at the center of gravity, it will stay balanced. the location of the structure determines the structures stability

22
Q

symmetry

A

a balanced arrangement of mass that occurs on opposite sides of a line or plane, or around a center or axis.

23
Q

whats a load

A

an external force on a structure

24
Q

what are static and dynamic loads

A

the weight of a structure and non moving load it supports is called a static load. || an external force that moves or changes with time - dynamic. it can change very quickly, also called a live load.

25
Q

conditions to decide what type of bridge to build

A

what the bridge with be crossing

what kind of loads the bridge will be supporting

26
Q

beam bridge

A

the most common bridge used, is flat, and supported at 2 ends. a longer beam bridge may be supported by other stuff

27
Q

truss bridge

A

light weight, but strong, made of trusses (triangle) along its sides.

28
Q

suspension bridge

A

hangs between two ends that holds it up, modern one has tall towers on ends that supports main cables. those cables are anchored in concrete, smaller cables support roadway

29
Q

arch bridge

A

designed to with stand heavy loads. the dynamic loads of people cause pieces of wood or stone in arch to push against the pieces.

30
Q

performance requirements

A

conditions that a structure must meet. performance requirements also apply to many other aspects of a structure like safety, effectiveness, and purpose

31
Q

internal force

A

force that one part of a structure exerts on other parts of the same structure. force that acts within a structure

32
Q

compression

A

force that acts to squeeze an object or push parts within an object together.

33
Q

tension

A

force that acts to stretch and pull apart something. can cause lengthening and possibly snapping of a component

34
Q

shear

A

force that acts to push parts that are in contact with each other in opposite directions.

35
Q

complementary forces

A

when different kinds of internal forces act on a structure at the same time.

36
Q

structural components (arch, beam, I beam, girders)

A

can support a large load ||| simple beam is a flat structure supported at both ends. I beams have less mass then a solid beam, shape of it gives it strength. in a shape of a rectangular prism (boxish).

37
Q

structural components (truss, cantilever, columns)

A

truss - frame work of beams joined together, form of interlocking triangles. || beam that is only supported at one end, bends in a n shape. || solid that can stand by itself, can support beams.

38
Q

what are some properties of material

A

brittleness, hardness, resistance to heat, compression

39
Q

what is deformation

A

change of shape in a structure or any structural component, because the material is unable to resist the load acting on it.

40
Q

joints that rely on friction

A

nail, screw, tack, or staple

41
Q

joints that rely on bonding

A

(common) glue, tape, cement, welds

42
Q

fixed vs movable

A

fixed joints are rigid to prevent any movement

moveable joints are flexible or mobile so that the structure can move

43
Q

margin of safety

A

the limits within which a structure safety performance is felt to be acceptable

44
Q

testing and monitoring for safety

A

to ensure the structure wont fail when the consumers use it (forces)

45
Q

corrugation

A

process of forming a material into wave like ridges or folds, perfect for making a sturdy/light divider

46
Q

lamination

A

gluing layers of a material together to create a strong bond

47
Q

way of strengthening component arrangements

A

making greater use of trusses and arches

48
Q

kevlar uses

A

tires, sporting goods, fiber optic cables

49
Q

evaluation of products

A

cost, benefits, safety, impact on environment

Undeleted (35 decks)

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