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Undeleted > science C > Flashcards

science C Flashcards

1
Q

there were some early ideas about ________ described as a substance made of ________ and _______

A

heat, fire and air

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2
Q

heat is considered a form of ________

A

energy

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3
Q

heat used to be considered an invisible fluid called _______

A

caloric

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4
Q

heat energy comes from what?

A

the movement of particles

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5
Q

temperature

A

a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

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6
Q

thermal energy

A

the total kinetic energy of the particles

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7
Q

describe a solid

A

particles are attached to each other, very limited in movement, move back and forth in a fixed position, have less kinetic energy than the particles in a liquid or gas. h

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8
Q

describe a liquid

A

particles are loosely attached to each other, easily slip past each other, takes shape of container

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9
Q

describe a gas

A

move in all directions, far apart, fill up container

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10
Q

heating a solid…

A

makes the particles vibrate more energetically and some move farther away from each other.

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11
Q

melting a solid…

A

particles vibrate even more, bump against each other, some break loose and the solid melts

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12
Q

heating a liquid…

A

the particles will move more vigorously, move farther apart

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13
Q

boiling a liquid

A

the particles bump and balance around, and the liquid changes to a gas

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14
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy of movement ; particles that make up matter have kinetic energy

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15
Q

heat

A

is the energy that flows from matter at a higher temp to a lower temp

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16
Q

natural sources of thermal energy

A

sun, geothermal energy, fire, decay

17
Q

materials that absorb energy …

A

are dark and dull and are good at absorbing radiant energy

18
Q

materials that reflect energy …

A

are shiny and light colored and good at reflecting radiant energy

19
Q

conductor

A

material that allows heat energy or electricity to flow easily

20
Q

insulator

A

material that does not allow heat energy or electricity to flow easily

21
Q

4 main points of the particle model of matter

A

all matter is made up of tiny particles
the particles are always moving
adding heat makes the particles move faster
the particles have space between them

22
Q

conduction

A

flow of energy between substances that are in contact

23
Q

convection

A

flow of heat energy that involves moving liquid or gas particles

24
Q

radiation

A

flow of energy in the form of invisible waves

25
Q

economic costs

A

the costs in dollar of using

26
Q

environmental costs

A

the negative effects on the environment

27
Q

societal costs

A

negative effects on people all together

28
Q

co generation

A

technology of producing two or more forms of energy from a single energy generator

29
Q

describe how a thermostat works

A

a mercury switch sits on a bimetallic strip. when the strip starts heating up, it thermally expands until it gets so hot that it causes the mercury to slide off of the wires to the furnace causing the furnace to turn off. the bimetallic strip cools off and it thermally contracts until the mercury slides back onto the wires turning the furnace on.

30
Q

thermal conductivity

A

ability of a material to transfer heat by conduction

31
Q

describe the most to least heat loss in a house

A

most through walls, through roof, then through floor and gaps, and then windows

32
Q

r- value

A

number that indicates the ability of an insulating material to stop or limit transfer of heat energy

33
Q

sustainability

A

maintaining a resource

34
Q

what is hydro electric power?

A

energy generated by water moving through dam

35
Q

advantage and disadvantage of hydro electric power?

A

advantage- renewable and not expensive to open

disadvantage - expensive to build and can flood the land and alter the local ecosystems

36
Q

disadvantages and advantages of fossil fuel use?

A

advantages - very easy to obtain and transport and are available in large quantities
disadvantages - burning them pollutes the environment by releasing soot+ ashes and gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and etc.

37
Q

describe active solar heating and passive solar heating

A

passive- heated directly by suns waves, insulates the buliding
active- heating something mechanically with energy, used to trap solar energy

38
Q

local and central heating systems

A

central - method of transferring thermal energy from a single, central source through a network of pipes, ducts and vents
local- method of providing thermal energy for one small area only, ex fireplace

39
Q

3 energy users?

A

home, transportation, industry

Undeleted (35 decks)

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