science bio Flashcards
animals produce carbon dioxide and use up oxygen when they breath. how do plants benefit this
plants provide oxygen
plants make their own food from water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. what role is this ?
plants provide food
plants protect other organisms from the weather and from predators. what role is this
plants provide shelter
dead plant material builds soil. plants also prevent erosion, which is the process that moves soil from one place to another. what role is this?
plants build + protect soil
______________________ are connected by what they eat.
all living things or organisms
in what ways can plants be used as a resource
for food and for fibre
what can plants be used as for fibre
for wooden frames (covered with sheets)
cloth
whats a living resource
are things that can be used for human needs
soil is made up of 2 type of particles, what are they
mineral particles (in organic) and organic particles
what are the 3 types of soil?
sandy soil, clay soil, and loam soil
describe sandy soil
runs between your fingers and has very few lumps. if you moisten sandy soil and squeeze it in your hands, the soil will not stay together.
describe clay soil
feels slippery when wet. when you squeeze it, it will stay together and form a tight ball. dry clay is very hard.
describe loam soil
crumbly like a moist cake. if you squeeze wet loam in your hand, it will form a loose ball. its not sticky
why is it important for soil to have spaces between particles in soil
allows for oxygen gas and water to enter the soil
Describe the purpose of fertilizer?
benefits the soil nutrients
What is organic fertilizer?
comes from sources such as animals or plant waste
What is chemical fertilizer?
mixture of chemicals that promote plant growth
How can fertilizer be used improperly?
If not measured properly there can be too much nutrients, more than the plant can use. Extra, unused nutrients may dissolve in rain water and pollute the soil.
What is irrigation?
Irrigation is the practice of applying water to crops
How can improper irrigation be harmful?
too much water added to the soil, it will fill all he pores in the soil. With too little air in the soil plants will not grow well.
What are the benefits to clearing the land for agriculture?
Make easy to plant seeds for crops. It also reduces competition between crop plants and other plants.
What are the harmful effects of clearing the land for agriculture?
If not carefully done, it can expose soil to the weather. Without plant roots the soil will blow away.
How does plowing benefit the soil?
breaks up the soil creating more air spaces and making it less compacted (room for plants to grow)
Why is plowing harmful?
it makes the soil particles smaller and soil can become water logged and compacted more easily
Describe the function of the noble blade and drill?
cuts below the ground while leaving the top stubble intact
What is crop rotation?
planting a different crop in particular field every year
What is the major benefit of crop rotation?
one plant uses the nutrients that the other doesn’t need
