science unit B Flashcards
list 4 basics needs of life or living things
sunlight , food , water , oxygen
define adaptation
an adaptation is an inherited characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in it’s environment
4 levels of organization of interactions
organism - 1 individual, 1 species
population - many individuals of one species
community - many populations
ecosystem - biotic and abiotic
commensalism relationship
+ 0
mutualism
+ +
parasitism
+ -
Definition of yield
The amount of useful plants per plant
What is a Hydroponic system
Plants are grown without soil. Instead, the roots of the plant are buried in gravel or coarse sand. Nutrient rich water is then pumped through this material at regular intervals
One example of an artificial environment
Green houses are one example of an artificial environment. Plants in a greenhouse always have the right temperature light and nutrients for their needs
Definition of species
A group of organisms with similar traits that can reproduce with each other.
Definition of variety
A variety have specific characteristics, or traits, that distinguish it from other varieties.
What is selective breeding
The process of selecting plants with specific traits and reproducing them.
What is genetic engineering
A process in which single genes are added to a plant cells
What is a gene
A gene is a tiny piece of material in a cell nucleus
Can varieties cause problems
Yes varieties have useful traits, they may also require more fertilizer or other special treatments
What is a pesticide? Can there be negative effects of pesticides?
Substances that kill insects are called pesticides. Pesticides can sometimes kill helpful insects as well such as those that pollinate crops. If pesticides are used for a long time some insects will become more resistant.
What is biological control?
Biological control tries to copy the way that Population size is controlled and natural environments. Sometimes a natural predator is used to control a pest
What are some consequences of environmental management?
Somethings you thought may be a good thing may be actually harmful.
What is the definition of environmental management?
Environmental management is balancing the needs of humans with the needs of the environment.
What is monoculture?
When one field is used to support growth of just one variety of plant.
What does sustainable mean?
When a plant is growing at the perfect speed. You never have too much or too little of the plant.
Organic VS chemical fertilizer
Chemical fertilizer has mineral particles in it that are made from rock that is been broken down.
Organic fertilizer has organic particles in it that are made from plants and animals that were once living
What are the three types of soil and what are their characteristics?
Sandy soil – sandy soil runs between your fingers and has very few lumps if a wet Sandy soil will still not stay together
Clay soil – clay soil feel slippery when it is wet if squeezed when wet it will stay together
Loam soil – loam soil is crumbly like a moist cake. If squeezed when wet loam soil will form a loose ball
Fertilizers beneficial effects and harmful effects
Beneficial – the soil nutrients that plants need can be provided by fertilizers. organic fertilizers are made from sources such as animal or plant waste. chemical fertilizers are mixtures of types of chemicals that promotes plant growth
Harmful effect – if you use too much fertilizer more nutrients can be added then the plant needs this may harm the plant
