Science Qz chapters 1,2, & 3 Flashcards
Plasma
High energy matter consisting of positively and negatively charged particles.
What state of matter do you find in space?
Plasma
The two main factors that decide the state of matter are?
particle motion and particle forces
Collisions
change the speed and direction of the particles movement
If the SPEED of particles slows down, the particles are?
pulled closer together
As the motion of the particles increases, the particles?
move farther apart
Solid
matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume number
What is an example of a solid?
a skateboard. It moves around but its volume and shape doesn’t change
In a solid, the particles are close together because of their?
strong attractive forces
solids are NOT the same. A diamond’s particles are ________, while charcoal’s particles are _________.
in a pattern + organized, and unorganized + not in a distinct pattern
Liquid
matter with a definite volume but no definite shape
Liquids attractive forces are considered?
weak
Liquids weak attractive forces allow?
particles to sip past one another, and take the shape of the liquids container
Viscosity
a measurement of a liquid’s resistance to flow
What is a liquid that has a high level of Viscosity?
Honey
For many liquids, viscosity decreases when?
its temperature gets warmer
Cohesion
the attraction between similar molecules, such as water molecules.
Because water molecules on the surface of water don’t have water above them, they?
experience a pull downward, and get stretched out like the top of a drum
Surface tension
the uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid
spiders are able to walk on water because of?
surface tension
the stronger the attractive forces between particles, the?
stronger the surface tension
Gas
matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape
when the distance between particles change, the?
attractive forces also change
Vapor
the gas state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature
When a gas is at the room temperature a liquid should normally be at, we call it?
water vapor
Kinetic Energy
the energy an object has due to its motion
Temperature
measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles in an object
An example of Temperature used in Kinetic energy is?
water molecules at 25 C are moving faster and have more kinetic energy than molecules moving at 10 C.
Potential energy
stored energy due to the interactions between particles or objects
chemical potential energy
due to the position of the particles relative to other particles
particles that are farther apart have greater?
chemical potential energy
Thermal energy
the total potential and kinetic energies of an object
the temperature of an object stops when it reaches its melting point, but?
the temperature doesn’t change, though there is still a change in energy
once a solid reaches its melting point, the average speed of particles does not change, but?
the distance of particles does change
Vaporization
the change of state of a liquid to a gas
boiling
vapor that occurs within the entire liquid
Evaporation
vaporization that occurs only at the surface level of a liquid
Condensation
the change of state from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation
the change of state from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid state
Deposition
the change of state of a gas to a solid without going through the liquid state
type of pattern in a diamond
tetrahedrally
Kinetic molecular theory
an explanation of how particles in matter normally behave
when particles collide,?
no energy is lost
Pressure
the amount of force applied per unit of area
unit of measure for pressure
pascal
Boyle’s law
states that pressure of a gas increases if the volume decreases and pressure of a gas decreases if volume increases. (when temperature is constant)
Best example to describe Boyle’s law
ears popping on an airplane
Charles’s Law
states that the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature, if the pressure is constant
best example to describe Charles’s law
taking a balloon outside on a cold winter day, and it apperaing deflated
