science chapter 16 Flashcards
A material in which a wave travels
mediums
sound waves with low frequencies are
more apart and slow
sound waves with high frequencies are
closer together and faster.
sound waves travel at different speeds through different materials because of
different objects have different densities
the eardrum is
in the middle ear. It amplifies the sound, causing the eardrum to vibrate.
sound waves are
longitudinal
determines how close together the particles are in the compression region
amplitude
an increase to amplitude that occurs when an object vibrating at its natural frequency absorbs energy from a nearby object vibrating at the same frequency.
resonance
sound waves travel in liquids, solids, and gasses, making them
mechanical waves
A region of a longitudinal wave where the particles in the medium are closest together
compression
a region of a longitudinal wave where the particles are farthest apart.
rarefaction
sounds travel faster in _____ rather than air
water
sounds travel faster in solid materials because..?
the matter is denser, making the particles closer together.
gasses transfer more energy at _____ temperatures
higher
gasses travel faster at ___ temps, while solids/liquids travel faster at ___ temps
higher, lower
sound waves travel the fastest when they are in
ice
the outer part of the human ear
collects sound waves
the middle part of the human ear
amplifies sound
the inner part of the human ear
sends sound signals to the brain
tears in the eardrum cause
hearing loss
as a sound wave increases, its
amplitude increases
the amount of sound energy that passes through a square meter of space in one second
intensity
unit for decibel
dB
when wavelength decreases, its frequency
increases
the perception of how high or low a sound is
pitch
higher frequencies = ______ pitches (vocal ranges)
higher
frequency ________as the distance between the source and the listener ________
decreases, increases
the change of pitch when a sound source is moving in relation to an observer
doppler effect
occurs when waves overlap/combine
interference
repeating increases and decreases in amplitude
beats
The lowest frequency at which a material naturally vibrates
fundamental
Higher frequencies at which the material vibrates
overtone
When sound waves move from air to a wall, the vibrations of air particles cause particles in the wall to vibrate.
transmission
The transfer of energy by a wave to the medium through which it travels
absorption
The bouncing of a wave off a surface
reflection
A reflected sound wave
echo
The collection of reflected sounds from the surfaces in a closed space
reverberation
The study of how sound interacts with structures
acoustics
The process an animal uses to locate an object by means of reflected sounds
echolocation
a system that uses the reflection of sound waves to find underwater objects
sonar
Distance =
speedxtime
Speed =
distance/time
scanners that non-harmfully scan parts of your body
ultrasounds
