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science chapter 17 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a wave that can travel through empty space and through matter

A

electromagnetic wave

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2
Q

energy carried by an electromagnetic wave

A

radiant energy

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3
Q

electromagnetic waves form when

A

a charge speeds up, slows down, or changes direction (charged particle vibrates)

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4
Q

electric fields surround

A

the charged particles

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5
Q

charged particles make

A

magnetic fields

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6
Q

magnetic fields make

A

changing electric fields

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7
Q

the connected magnetic and electric fields spread in all directions, creating

A

electromagnetic waves

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8
Q

Electromagnetic waves are what kind of waves

A

transverse

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9
Q

Electromagnetic waves travel through space at ________ km/s

A

300,000

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10
Q

electromagnetic waves travel slower in

A

matter

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11
Q

the sun emits energy by giving off

A

electromagnetic waves

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12
Q

On the sun, electromagnetic waves are produced with many different wavelengths because

A

The sun has different areas with different temperatures

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13
Q

Almost everything on earth emits

A

electromagnetic waves

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14
Q

The higher the electromagnetic waves energy,

A

the higher the frequency

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15
Q

Higher energy waves are

A

more dangerous for the skin

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16
Q

The changing motion of an electric charge produces

A

each type of electromagnetic wave

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17
Q

Every electromagnetic wave has a different _____, ______, and ________ _ ________ _____ __ _____.

A

frequency, wavelength, and carries a different amount of energy

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18
Q

the entire range of electromagnetic waves with different frequencies and wavelengths.

A

electromagnetic spectrum

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19
Q

The electromagnetic spectrum is organized based on…

A

wavelength and frequency

20
Q

the lowest frequency, lowest energy electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength longer than 30cm. Used for communication for sound and sometimes video.

A

Radio wave

21
Q

a low frequency, low energy, electromagnetic wave that is a little larger than a radio wave. Used for communication and satellite communications

A

microwave

22
Q

an electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength shorter than a microwave but longer than light. You feel these wave while warming your hands near a campfire or when using a television remote.

A

Infrared waves

23
Q

an electromagnetic wave that you can see in a rainbow of colors. Violet have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency.

A

light

24
Q

an electromagnetic wave that has a slightly shorter wavelength and higher frequency than light and carries enough energy to cause chemical reactions. Can damage or kill skin cells, causing sunburn and skin cancer

A

ultraviolet waves

25
Q

a high energy electromagnetic wave that has a slightly shorter wavelength and higher frequency than an ultraviolet wave. Used to scan your bones, but cannot hurt them due to calcium.

A

X-rays

26
Q

a higher energy electromagnetic wave with a shorter wavelength and higher frequency than all other types of electromagnetic waves. So high energy that they can be used to destroy cancerous cells. Formed in space

A

Gamma Rays

27
Q

the use of electromagnetic waves to send information in all directions

A

Broadcasting

28
Q

Explain how radio/TV stations broadcast information

A

They send out radio waves at a certain frequency, and the station converts the sounds and images to electric signals. Then the signals are sent to your tv using an carrier wave, and they are converted back to images and sound.

29
Q

an electromagnetic wave that a radio or television station uses to carry its sound or image signals

A

carrier wave

30
Q

the station matches the _______ ____ and _______ ______.

A

carrier wave and electric signal

31
Q

a change in the amplitude of a carrier wave

A

amplitude modulation (AM)

32
Q

a change in the frequency of a carrier wave

A

frequency modulation (FM)

33
Q

how a wave smoothly changes from high to low

A

analog

34
Q

produces and sends out radio waves

A

transmitter

35
Q

receives and changes the waves back into sound

A

antenna

36
Q

waves that can carry more energy than radio waves, due to their shorter wavelength

A

microwaves

37
Q

pass signals from your phone until it reaches the phone you call or text

A

cell towers

38
Q

a worldwide navigation system that uses satellite signals to determine a receiver’s location

A

Global Positioning System (GPS)

39
Q

vibrating molecules in any matter emit

A

infrared waves

40
Q

the wavelength of infrared objects depends on the objects

A

temperature

41
Q

The hotter the infrared object, the ___________ and ___________ produced.

A

greater frequency and shorter wavelength

42
Q

Thermal cameras use what kind of wave to detect thermal energy loss?

A

infrared waves

43
Q

Under certain lights, objects glow with this wave

A

ultraviolet

44
Q

Medical ultraviolet waves are strong enough to

A

cure skin problems

45
Q

the chemicals inside ultraviolet lights can power

A

lightbulbs

46
Q

X Rays are used for

A

security and bone scans

47
Q

Gamma rays are medically used for

A

destroying harmful tissue in paitents

Science (18 decks)

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