science chapter 5 Flashcards
the ability to cause change
energy
energy due to motion
kinetic energy
stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles
potential energy
Energy stored when objects are compressed or stretched
elastic potential energy
Energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
chemical potential energy
the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance
work
The total energy of an object or group of objects due to large-scale motions and interactions
mechanical energy
The energy that sound carries
sound energy
energy due to the motion of particles that make up an object
thermal energy
is the energy that an electric current carries
electric energy
The energy that electromagnetic waves carry
radiant energy
energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom
nuclear energy
Changes between different types of energy
energy trasnformations
energy can be transferred from one form to another, or transferred from one region to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed
the law of conservation of energy
the force that resists the sliding of two surfaces that are touching
friction
All forms of energy can be transformed into
thermal energy
thermal energy that cannot be used
waste energy
most of the earths energy comes from
the sun
transforms the energy in an energy source into electric energy
electric power plants
an energy resource that is available in limited amounts or that is used faster than it is replaced in nature
nonrenewable energy resource
the remains of ancient organisms that can be burned as an energy source. (coal, natural gas, petroleum.)
fossil fuels
fossil fuels form from…
Microscopic organisms are buried deep in earth’s layers, forming fossil fuels over millions of years
Electric power plants burn __% of the coal used in the US
93
Electric power plants burn about __% of the natural gas used in the US
32
Negative consequences of fossil fuels
Burning fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, warming our atmosphere and creating global warming
Nuclear power plants…
DO NOT release pollutants into the air, but instead it produces harmful nuclear waste
Nuclear power plants store…
the radioactive waste that can harm living things
an energy resource that is replaced as fast as, or faster than, it is used
renewable energy resource
Hydroelectric power plants
Dams create a path of flowing water that spins a turbine, forming kinetic energy that can be transformed into usable energy
Solar panels
collect solar energy as a clean energy resource from the sun.
an energy resource that cannot be used up
Inexhaustible energy resource
Wind energy
Windmills collect energy from the wind, but it’s not practical because wind cannot be determined
Biomass energy
Burning woods are a renewable resource because its a plant based material. (animal based also works)
Geothermal energy
Energy from deep radioactive nuclei inside earth
__% of earths energy is nonrenewable
90
conserving energy
saving and using less energy so we have some for the future.
