science chapter 2.3.4 Flashcards
Forces change an object’s MOTION by changing its…(2/3 things)
speed, direction, or both its speed and direction
The only forces that can change an objects velocity are
unbalanced forces
You can tell when forces on an object are unbalanced when…
the motion of the object changes
unbalanced forces can change an object’s velocity by…
changing its direction
Unbalanced forces can make an object ACCELERATE by…(2/3 things)
speed, direction, or both its speed and direction
the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on the object divided by the object’s mass.
Newton’s second law of motion
Acceleration (in m/s2) =
mass (kg)
any motion in which an object is moving along a curved path
circular motion
In a circular motion, a force that acts perpendicular to the direction of motion, toward the center of the curve
centripetal force
any object in space that orbits a larger object
satellite
A push on opposite forces causes acceleration…
away from the object pushed on
when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object
Newton’s third law of motion
the force two objects apply to each other
force pair
Force pairs don’t cancel out because…
each force is exerted on a different object
In a force pair, one force is called the ____________, and the other is called the ______________.
action force, reaction force
For every action force, there is a…
reaction force that is equal in strength but opposite in direction
a measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object
Momentum
Momentum (in kg.m/s) =
mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)
The force on an object is also known as its…
change in momentum
the total momentum of a group of objects stays the same unless outside forces act on the objects.
the law of conservation of momentum
when colliding objects bounce off each other
elastic collision
when objects collide and stick together
Inelastic collision
The momentum in every collision always…
stays the same
superficial
minimal/occuring or existing at the surface
