Chapter 7 Test Flashcards
Icm3 = ?
1mL
Icm3 =
1cm x 1cm x 1cm
Anything that has mass and takes up space can be considered as?
matter
Also known as the building blocks of matter, these tiny particles are 1,000,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair
atoms
If you were to investigate the nucleus of an atom, you would most likely find?
Neutrons and Protons
Matter with a composition that is always the same would be expected in a
substance
Iron, calcium, and carbon are all examples of?
elements
In order for a substance, containing two or more atoms of different elements, to be considered a compound, the atoms must be?
chemically combined
What would you call H20 and CO2?
compounds
Carbon -14 is an example of an?
isotope
H2O and CO2 are both examples of a?
compound
A ceasar salad is a great example of a?
heterogeneous mixture
When you mix a powdered drink like Gatorade with water, the mix is being referred to as the?
Solute
What is the ability of an object to be dissolved?
solubility
Which best classifies physical properties?
size dependant and size independent
What formula do we use to determine density?
mass/volume
name a size dependant property
volume
name a size independent property
melting point
What is another word for homogeneous mixture?
solution
What would be a good example of a physical change?
ice melting into a pool of water
When you have a physical change you will never end up with
a new substance
adding thermal energy to matter may cause
the state to change
the boiling point of matter is the point at which
a liquid becomes a gas
what do we call it when a gas becomes a liquid?
condensation
freezing and melting are reverse properties, but they occur…
at the same temperature
The law of conservation of mass
when the mass stays the same from the physical change of matter
which never changes during a physical change?
total mass
what is a good example of a chemical property?
ability to burn
when a small tree branch decomposes in a forest, this is an example of?
a chemical change
which signs show there is proof chemical change is happening?
the formation of a new substance
common things to see when a chemical change is happening are?
bubbles
when atoms collide and rearrange and bond into new combinations you have?
a new substance
what do we call the substances on the left side of a chemical equation before the reaction occurs?
reactants
what do we call the new substances formed after a chemical reaction?
products
the arrow in a chemical formula is read as
yields
Higher temperatures and concentrations usually increase the rate of the reaction, but you can increase the rate of the reaction by increasing the
surface area
give an example of a reaction occurring faster due to larger surface area
ice cube melting in water
the water level in a cylinder is determined by the
meniscus line
we can determine the volume of irregular shapes by measuring the
displacement of water
what is heavier, a pound of solid rock or a pound of feathers?
none. They both weigh a pound.
substance
matter with a form that is always the same
element
type of substance that only contains one type of atom
every element has a different number of _____ in its _____
protons, nucleus
Atomic number of Aluminum is 13 because?
The # of protons in aluminums nucleus is 13
Compound
a type of substance containing two or more different elements chemically combined together
chemical formulas
the combination of symbols and numbers that represent a compound
mixture
matter that can vary in composition
heterogeneous mixture
type of mixture where the individual substances are not evenly mixed (caesar salad)
homogeneous mixture
a type of mixture in which the individual substances are evenly mixed (apple juice)
describe the solvent and solutes
the solutes dissolve into the solvent (gatorade mix)
dissolve
to form a solution by mixing evenly
Diatomic Molecule
always comes in a pair (H2, O2)
Physical property
a characteristic of matter that you can observe or measure without changing the identity of the matter
size dependant properties
mass & volume
mass
the amount of matter in an object
volume
the amount of space something takes up
size independant properties
physical properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present
size independent properties
melting point & boiling point
melting point
the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
Density
the mass per unit volume of a substance
conductivity
the ability of matter to conduct or carry along an electric current
thermal conductivity
the ability of a material to conduct thermal energy (stainless steel cooking pots)
solubility
the ability for one substance to dissolve in another
Physical change
a change in size, shape and form or state of matter in which the matters identity stays the same
physical change in shape?
folding clothes to fit into a drawer
physical change in size?
chewing food so its easier to digest
thermal energy changes the state of matter by
adding or removing certain amounts of it
as the particles in a solid move faster and faster, they will soon
overcome the forces that hold them together
Sublimiation
when solids change directly to a gas
Condensation
occurs when the particles are moving slowly enough for attractive forces to pull the particles together
when liquids become solids, they are so packed together that the _____ can only now ___________
particles can only now vibrate in place
Deposition
when a gas changes directly to a solid
Explain dissolving using the example with salt in a tank
good job
During a physical change, the properties of matter change, but the __________ before and the ___ stay the same.
particles present, mass
chemical property
a characteristic of matter that can be observed as it changes to a different type of matter
Chemical change
a change in matter in which the substances that make up the matter change into other substances with new physical and chemical properties
Reaction
when particles crash into each other with enough force that they can move around and bond together in new combinations.
chemical equations
shows the chemical formula of each substance in the reaction
during both physical and chemical changes, the mass is ______. The total ___ must be _____
conserved, mass, equal
changing a formula changes the _______ of a substance
identity
Coefficients
changes the amount of reactants and products present
Concentration
evens out to balance two substances combined
