Science - Integumentary system Flashcards
what are the functions of the integumentary system
Protection (against pathogens), Secretion: sebacious, sweat glands, Thermoregulation, remove waste, communication, vitamin D production
what do sebacious glands secrete?
Sebum
what does sebum help with
waterproofing skin
how does communication occur in the skin
Sensory receptors –> send info to brain
what do sensory receptors communicate to brain
Pain, Touch, Pressure, Temperature
what is the pneumonic to remember what sensory receptors communicate
Pretty Please Tell Tanya
what does vitamin D help with
absorption of calcium, magnesium, phosphate
what is the pneumonic to remember Vitamin D absorption
Come Play Minecraft
What does the epidermis contain
epithelial cells (no blood), stratum basale –> deepest part of Epidermis (constantly dividing), KERATIN –> protein that helps WATERPROOF skin
What does the dermis contain
Blood vessels, sensory receptors, hair follicles, sebacious glands, sweat glands
what is the pneumonic to remember what the dermis contains
Bring Very Small Radios So Gleen Stops Getting Happy Faces
True False: the subcutaneous layer is a part of the skin
False: it is not a layer of skin
What is the most common type of cell found in the integumentary system
Keratinocytes
where are keratinocytes located
epidermis
Where do keratinocytes come from
stratum basale
what do keratinocytes produce
keratin –> protein that hardens cells, water resistance of skin
what do melanocytes produce
melanin –> gives skin color, protects against UV rays
where are melanocytes located
Epidermis
what do langerhans cells do
antigen presenting cell of immune system
what is the location and specific layer are langerhans cells located
Located in the epidermis –> specifically stratum spinosum
What is the function of merkel cells
detect LIGHT touches
what type of receptors are merkel cells
cutaneous receptors
where are merkel cells located, what specific layer
epidermis –> stratum basale
where are fibroblasts located
dermis
what is the function of fibroblasts
Secretes –> collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans
What are adipocytes
fat cells
where are adipocytes located
dermis
where are macrophages located
dermis
what is the function of macrophages
engulfs pathogens
what is the location of mast cells
dermis
what is the functon of the mast cell
plays a role in inflammatory response that releases HISTAMINE
how does the skin maintain temperature homeostasis
receptor –> control center –> effector –> (evaporation, vasodilation, muscle)
what do receptors do to maintain temperature homeostasis
sensory receptors send signals to the control center
what is the “control center” of maintaining temperature of skin
hypothalamus
What are the effectors to control temperature
evaporation, muscle, vasodilation
what does vasodilation do
cools blood vessels
what do muscles do to cool down the body
shiver
what are sebacious glands connected to
hair follicles
what type of gland is sebacious glands
holocrine
what does holocrine do
secrete cebum
what is cebum made up of
oily mixture of lipids//protein
what does sebum help with
stops water loss// protects against fungal/ bacterial microbes
what are the 2 types of sweat glands
eecrine/ apocrine
true/false: eecrine is connected to hair follicles
False: they are not connected to hair follicles
where are eecrine (sweat glands) located
forehead, neck, back
what are the secretions that occur in eecrine (sweat glands)
sodium chloride, potassium, bicarbonate, glucose, antimicro peptides
what is the pneumonic to remember what secretions are in eecrine
Go See Carl About Putting Peppers Back
what are apocrine (sweat glands) used for
used for thermoregulation
when are apocrine (sweat glands) activated
stress
where are apocrine (sweat glands) located
armpit, groin, palm, bottom of feet
what are the secretions that occur in apocrine (sweat glands)
fatty acid, triglyceride, proteins
what causes body odor
Bacteria eating apocrine sweat
