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Science - Basic Atomic Structures Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleus

A

Center of the Atom

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2
Q

what is responsible for having a positive charge of the atom

A

Protons

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3
Q

What does the Nucleus contain

A

Protons and Neutrons

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4
Q

What orbits the nucleus

A

Electrons

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5
Q

what are atoms bonded together called?

A

molecules

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6
Q

If there are the same amount of protons and electrons, What type of charge will the atom have?

A

Neutral

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7
Q

If their is a different amount of protons and neutrons what type of charge will the atom have?

A

Positive// Negative

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8
Q

What is the diameter of an atom based off (Which element)

A

Hydrogen

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9
Q

What is the rough atom diameter

A

5x10^(-8)mm

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10
Q

atomic radius

A

average distance between the Nucleus and the Outermost Electron

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11
Q

Atomic Number

A

number of protons IN the nucleus

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12
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Number of protons and Neutrons

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13
Q

What is the Equation for Atomic Mass

A

A = Z+N (A= Atomic Mass) (Z=Protons) (N=Neutrons)

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14
Q

Atomic Weight

A

ratio of the Average mass per atom of a sample

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15
Q

Isotope

A

element with the SAME atomic number but DIFFERENT atomic mass

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16
Q

What can be used to determine Age

A

Rate of Decay

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17
Q

True/False: Isotopes that decay are stable

A

False: Isotopes that don’t decay are considered stable

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18
Q

What type of reaction can decaying isotopes create

A

Nuclear Reactions

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19
Q

What type of charge does an electron carry

A

negative charge

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20
Q

what determines the bonding behavior of atoms

A

Valence Shells

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21
Q

Valence Shell

A

Outermost electron shell

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22
Q

If an atom has all of its electrons in the lowest position, is it stable or unstable

A

stable

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23
Q

If an atom is missing electrons in its lowerst position, is it stable or unstable

A

unstable

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24
Q

True/False: Most atoms are neutrally charged

A

TRUE

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25
Q

How many valence levels are there

A

4: K-level, L-Level,M-Level,N-level

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26
Q

What is the maximum amount of electrons that the K level can have

A

2

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27
Q

What is the maximum amount of electrons that the L level can have

28
Q

What is the maximum amount of electrons that the M level an have

29
Q

What is the maximum amount of electrons that the N level can have

30
Q

Ionization

A

process where neutral particles are Ionized into charged particles

31
Q

Negative Ion

A

atom gains electrons

32
Q

positive Ion

A

Atom loses electrons

33
Q

Compound

A

2 or more different types of atoms bind together

34
Q

Ionic Bonding

A

Gain//Lose electron between 2 oppositely charged ions

35
Q

Covalent Bonding

A

Sharing electrons

36
Q

If their is equal sharing of electrons, what kind of bond will occur

A

Non Polar Bond

37
Q

If their is unequal sharing of electrons what kind of bond will occur

A

Polar Bond

38
Q

Cation

A

When an atom loses 1 or more electrons

39
Q

Anion

A

When an atom gains 1 or more electrons

40
Q

What do atoms have the tendency to do

A

share electrons

41
Q

Electronegativity

A

how capable an atom is of attracting a pair of bonding electrons

42
Q

dipole

A

1 atom exerts more force than another

43
Q

polar covalent bond

A

small difference in force between 2 atoms

44
Q

Ionic Bond (In regards to force)

A

Large difference in force between 2 atoms

45
Q

Pure Non Polar Covalent Bond

A

No Electronegativity present

46
Q

Element

A

basic type of matter that cannot be broken down any further

47
Q

Compound

A

combination of 2 or more elements

48
Q

What does the arrangement of the periodic table allow for

A

classification, organization, prediction of elemental properties

49
Q

group

A

Vertical column of the periodic table

50
Q

period

A

horizontal column of periodic table

51
Q

What do groups all have in common

A

They all have the same amount of valence electrons

52
Q

How many valence electrons does group 8 have

53
Q

periodicity

A

prediction of elements reactivity based on location in periodic table

54
Q

True/False: the higher the group number, the less likely they are to react

A

True: The higher the group number the more the electron shell is filled up, the more filled up the shell, the less reactive they are

55
Q

What happens when electrons are added

A

attraction to the nucleus increases, electrons become more compact, less likely to be pulled away in reactions

56
Q

What are the different types of metals

A

Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Inner Transition Metals

57
Q

What are examples of Alkali metals

A

Lithium, Sodium, Potassium

58
Q

What are examples of Alkaline Earth Metals

A

Beryillium, Magnesium, Calcium

59
Q

What are examples of Transition metals

A

Iron, Copper, Nickel

60
Q

Inner Transition Metals

A

Thorium, Uranium, Plutonium

61
Q

What are the different types of nonmetals

A

Chalcogens, Halogens, Noble Gases

62
Q

What are examples of Chalcogens

A

Oxygen, Sulfur

63
Q

What are examples of Halogens

A

FLuorine, Chlorine

64
Q

What are examples of Noble Gases

A

Helium, Argon

65
Q

What are examples of Metalloids

A

Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Antimony, Polanium

TEAS (21 decks)

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