Grammer Flashcards
Adjective
Word that describes a noun or a pronoun
Adverb
Word used to modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
Affix
Letter or letters that attach to a word or word root at either its beginning or end, changing the meaning
Agreement
Appropriate pairing of singular nouns with singular verbs or pronouns, plural nouns with plural verbs
Ambiguity
Refers to uncertainty of meaning or lack of clarity
Antecedent
Noun that a pronoun is used to represent. Pronoun must agree in number and kind with its antecedent
Apostrophe
Punctuation mark that indicates possessive case or omission of numbers or letters
Article
Word used with a noun to limit it or make it clearer
Brainstorming
Thinking creatively, without self censorship of a list of ideas for approaching a task, problem
Citation
Formally formatted bibliographic information about the source of an idea or quoted text
Clarity
How readily understandable a text is
Cliché
A phrase or expression that is overused
Colloquialism
Use of informal words or phrases that may be appropriate in casual writing but inappropriate in other times
Colon
Punctuation mark used to introduce a series or quote
Comma
Punctuation mark used to indicate a pause in a sentence to separate parts of a sentence or to separate items
Complement
Word or group of words added to a sentence to make it complete
Complex sentence
Sentence containing an independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses
Compound sentence
Sentence that has at least 2 independent clauses joined by either a comma or coordinating conjunction
Compound – complex sentence
Sentence that incorporates 2 independent clauses and 1 or more dependent clauses
Conjunction
Word used to connect independent or dependent clauses
Connotation
Sense or image associated with a word in addition to denotation given by its dictionary definition
Context clues
Words or phrases in a sentence that help the reader understand meanings of unfamiliar words
Dependent clause
Contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought
Derivational morpheme
Prefix or suffix that changes a words part of speech or meaning
End punctuation marks
Punctuation marks that end sentences
Format style
Style of writing that fits particular conventions and is appropriate in business and academic writing
Homographs
Words that are spelled the same as each other but have different meanings
Homonyms
Words that share the same spelling or pronunciation but have different meanings
Homophones
Words that sound the same as each other but have different meanings
Independent clause
Part of a sentence that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought
Indirect object
A person or thing to whom which or for whom which something is done
Inflectional morpheme
Suffix that does not change the basic meaning or part of speech of a word but rather adapts it appropriately
Informal style
Style of writing that is familiar and conversational. Includes slang, colloquialisms or broken syntax
Interjection
A word or phrase that expresses sudden or strong feeling
Jargon
Specialized words or expressions that are particular to a group and may be difficult for others to understand
Modifier
Word or phrase that describes another word or group of words
Morpheme
Smallest unit of grammar that has meaning
Noun
Person place or thing
Object
Person or thing that receives the action of the verb
Outline
General description or plan that organizes material into a logical framework
Paragraph
Group of related sentences
Parentheses
Punctuation marks that offset a word, phrase or clause that provides additional explanation
Predicate
Part of a sentence that expresses what a subject does and includes the verb
Prefix
Attaches to the beginning of a word, typically changing the words meaning
Preposition
Word expressing a relationship to other words
Pronoun
A word that is used instead of a noun: He, she, you, it
Proofreading
Correcting mistakes in a piece of writing
Quotation marks
Punctuation marks that indicate spoken dialogue or direct quotation from another written source
Root Word (root)
Simplest form of a word with no prefixes or suffixes that provides the foundation of its meaning
Run on sentence
Occurs when 2 or more independent clauses are incorrectly joined
Semicolon
Punctuation mark used in lieu of conjunction to separate 2 independent clauses
Sentence fragment
Sentence that lacks a subject and or verb and or does not express a complete thought
Simple sentence
Sentence containing only one clause it must have at least 1 subject and 1 verb and express a complete thought
Slang
Type of language that is very informal and typically used in a context in which people know 1 another well
Subject
Person or thing that is performing the action or being described
Suffix
Affix that attaches to the end of a word and may change the words meaning or part of speech
Supporting details
Facts or ideas that provide more information about the topic helps develop passages main idea
Thesis
The main idea of a paragraph or passage
Topic sentence
Summarizes the main idea of a paragraph
Transition words
Words that establish the relationship between paragraphs, sentences and creating clarity and flow of text
Verb
Word that expresses an action or state of being
Verb tense
Expresses time at which the action takes place
