science 9: Biological Diversity Flashcards

0
Q

Biodiversity

A

The entire collection of living organisms on earth, each with their own characteristics.

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1
Q

Species

A

A particular group of organisms that have the same structure and can reproduce with each other. The most identified species is insects!

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2
Q

Biological diversity

A

The variety of species and ecosystems on the earth and the ecological processes they are part of.

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3
Q

Main components of biodiversity

A

Ecosystem diversity, community diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity, species distribution

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4
Q

Ecosystem diversity

A

Different types of living communities and the environments in which they are found.

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5
Q

Community diversity

A

Occurs within populations of organisms living in a particular ecosystem.

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6
Q

Species diversity

A

Occurs within individual organisms of the same species.

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7
Q

Genetic diversity

A

Occurs within organisms at a cellular level, as it describes the variety of the genetic material in all living things.

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8
Q

Species distribution

A

Plants and animal species are not distributed evenly throughout various Eco- regions of the world. There would be most species of plants and animals in the hotter rainforest than closer to the poles.

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9
Q

Diversity classification

A

Developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century
More reliable because it uses structure rather than the habitat of organisms
Genus and species identify the organisms

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10
Q

Five kingdoms of Classification

A
Animalia- animals
Plantae- plants
Fungi- mushrooms, ect
Protista- single called organisms 
Monera- bacteria
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11
Q

Subdivided five Kingdoms

A
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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12
Q

Biodiversity under the sea

A

Coral reefs are great bio diversities. Like rainforests coral reefs support many different communities with little nutrients that gets recycled.

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13
Q

Interdependence

A

Each and every species depends on many other species within its environment in order to survive and prosper. Food chains and webs represent the on going relation ships between different species.

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14
Q

Symbiosis

A

Different type of interdependence within a certain population or community between members of different species.

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15
Q

Commensalism

A

One organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited
Bird nesting in a tree.

16
Q

Mutualism

A

Both organisms benefit

Bee and flower.

17
Q

Parasitism

A

One organism benefits and the other is harmed

Tapeworm in humans

18
Q

Interspecies competition

A

Happens when two or more species need the same resource. This helps limit the size of populations with competing species
All the african animals needing to drink from the same watering hole.

19
Q

Niche

A

Role of an organism within a particular ecosystem. A niche includes:
What it eats, what eats it, it’s habitat, nesting site, effect on other populations, effect on own environment.
Niches can change depending on its environment.

20
Q

Resource partitioning

A

Action which enables competing species to share the resources by accessing these resources different ways, involving less competition.
Ex. Different warbler species eating from different parts of the tree.

21
Q

Variability

A

Variation within a population, within a species. Important in the environment in which the species lives, changes. When a species has a great deal of variation than others within that species will likely survive to change.
Ex: red fox colour of coat, banded snail shells

22
Q

Natural selection

A

Happens when factors in the environment determines which individuals in a species will survive. If they are able to survive and reproduce, those individuals will have new adaptations and thrive.
Ex. Larger bird survives harsh weather than smaller birds