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Schumann Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a piano trio?

A

A piece of several movements for piano and two ohter instruments

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2
Q

What type of music is it?

A

Chamber music

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3
Q

What is chamber music?

A

Music for a chamber or room

Most likely for a patrons salon performance

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4
Q

What are the four movements?

A

Allegro moderato
Scherzo
Andante
Allegretto

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5
Q

Are the ranges normal for this musical era?

A

Yes but slightly larger

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6
Q

How does the violin play?

A

Almost entirely arco and one note at a time

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7
Q

How does the cello play?

A

Almost entirely pizz

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8
Q

How does Clara add intensity?

A

Occasional double stopping

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9
Q

Why is the piano part challenging?

A

unusually wide and outward stretches

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10
Q

Describe the pedalling

A

It is rarely indicated but there are occasional special blurred effects

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11
Q

How does Clara create blurring?

A

The pedal is held down to sustain one harmony against another

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12
Q

What other texture is heard in the development?

A

Contrapuntal interest

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13
Q

Where is the main melodic interest?

A

Generally alternates between the violin and right hand piano

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14
Q

Do the strings ever rest?

A

yes - simultaneously

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15
Q

What does the violin present?

A

a melody with piano accompaniment

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16
Q

How does the cello alter the pianos bass line?

A

It provides an ornamented or simplified version

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17
Q

How does the cello strengthen the melody?

A

Doubling the violin at an octave

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18
Q

How does the piano create textual contrast?

A

Broken chord accompaniment
Offbeat chords
FF chords with octaves
Left hand octaves

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19
Q

How does Clara use dynamics to add emotional intensity?

A

Plentiful crescendos and diminuendos

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20
Q

How does she underline harmonically intense chords?

A

With sf and fp

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21
Q

What is the structure of movement 1?

A

Sonata form

22
Q

What three components make up a Sonata?

A

Exposition - exposes main subjects
Development - manipulation of ideas
Recapitulation - recaps exposition and coda

23
Q

What is the tonic key?

A

Gm

24
Q

How many subjects are there?

A

2, each with sub-sections

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d - 2a,2b

25
Q

What other keys were suggested?

A

Ab and D major, Cm, Eb, Bb, Gm

26
Q

What is the principle key of the development?

A

Cm

27
Q

What is surprising about the tonality of the recapitulation?

A

Second subject is in the tonic major. Normally the recapitulation is all in the tonic

28
Q

What type of phrasing does Schummann use?

A

Periodic phrasing

29
Q

How is the climatic top G approached in phrase 2?

A

With a strong upward leap of an octave

30
Q

What is balanced well?

A

ascending/descending movement and stepwise movement/leaps

31
Q

What type of phrasing does Schumann use?

A

Periodic phrasing

32
Q

What type of harmony is used?

A

Functional

33
Q

How does Clara define the key?

A

Reliance on chords 1 and 4

34
Q

How does Clara represent the Romantic harmony style?

A

Use of triads and 7th chords in root position

35
Q

How does she vary the harmony?

A

Frequent chromatic chords
Striking dissonances
Prepared suspensions
Unprepared appoggiaturas

36
Q

What adds to the dark atmosphere?

A

diminshed 7th chords

37
Q

What indicates a dark/emotional scenario?

A

chromatic descent in diatonic descant

38
Q

What is the tempo marking?

A

Allegro moderato

39
Q

What highlights tonal surprise?

A

poco rit

40
Q

What is the metre?

A

4/4 throughout

41
Q

What note values are used?

A

Quaver movement
semiquavers follow dotted quavers
no triplets

42
Q

Trio 2 context

A

Brahms
Late Romantic (more typical)
Chamber

43
Q

Trio 2 melody

A 
Regular phrases
Repeated
Mostly in strings and horn
Fragments
Dialogue
Virtuosic
Sequences
44
Q

Trio 2 Tonality

A

Keys more adventurous
Eb major
Bbmajor, Db major (unrelated)

45
Q

Trio 2 sonority

A 
Violin
Horn - melancholy
Piano
Low range
Double stopping
Violin range increases
46
Q

Trio 2 structure

A

Free rondo

Fragmentary

47
Q

Trio 2 texture

A

Homophonic

Imitation

48
Q

Trio 2 harmony

A 
More adventurous
Chromatic - passionate
Bb7, Bb7, Bb7c, Bb7, Ebmajor 2nd inv.
Romantic
Octaves
Bb, Abm, Gb, Db, Gb - rich/romantic
49
Q

Trio 2 tempo/metre/rhythm

A

Simple and repetitive
Triplets
Lots of changes of time sig.
cross-rhythms

50
Q

Chopin raindrop prelude

A 
1839
sostenuto with lots of rubato
ternary 
sustain pedal
Db major
Enharmonic change to C sharp minor
Chromatic notes
Crescendos
Inverted pedal
perfect cadences
51
Q

Comparisons

A 
Brahms trio 2
Chopin raindrop prelude
Mozart piano sonata in Bb
Brahms piano quintet in Fm
Beethoven piano trio No.7
Brahms piano trio No.5 in Cm
Schumann, trio No.1
52
Q

context

A

Clara 1819-1896
born in Leipzig
daughter of piano teacher Friedrich Weick
married Robert Scumann
Completed a 3 movement piano concerto at 15
‘queen of the piano’ - first to give solo recitals and perform from memory

Music (19 decks)

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