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Music > Familia Valera Miranda > Flashcards

Familia Valera Miranda Flashcards

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1
Q

where are the works from?

A

previous generations of the Valera Miranda family

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2
Q

where were they written?

A

Descarga sessions

improvised

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3
Q

what do the songs refer to?

A

incidents in the family history

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4
Q

(se quema) describe the plot

A

a plot of land caught fire and the wife wasn’t interested

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5
Q

(candela) describe the plot

A

a man falling deeply in love

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6
Q

what’s the african influence?

A

19th century slaves brought to Cuba by the Spanish

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7
Q

what’s cuban music a fusion of?

A

West African and European (spanish)

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8
Q

What are the African influences?

A

complex rhythms

call and response

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9
Q

What are the spanish influences?

A

tonality
melody and harmony
percussion mostly Cuban instruments e.g claves, bongos and congas

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10
Q

what was cuban music designed for?

A

dancing

rhythmic foundation provided by the claves

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11
Q

(se quema) how is the ‘son’ characteristic evident?

A

call and response
duple metre
2-3 son clave pattern
restriced harmonic vocabulary of tonic + dom.
instrumental passages break up strophic structure

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12
Q

(se quema) what are the performing forces?

A 
solo male voive (pregon)
male - voice chorus (coro)
cuatro
gutar
pizz double bass
maracas
bongos
claves
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13
Q

(se quema) what’s the texture?

A

mel-dom-hom

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14
Q

(se quema) where does rhythmic polyphony occur?

A

interaction between the cuatro, vocal parts and percussion

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15
Q

(se quema) what does the guitar provide?

A

chordal accompaniment

chords consisting of four and six notes

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16
Q

(se quema) what is the metre?

A

brisk duple time

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17
Q

(se quema) what is the prominent feature of the rhythm?

A

2-3 son clave rhythm in claves

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18
Q

(se quema) what notable rhythmic features are used?

A

constant quaver pulse in bongos
syncopation
vocal phrases begin on the second beat
every fourth bar marked by three-crotchet vocal rhythm
triplet crotchets in cuatro solo
cross-rhythmic effect by repeating three-quaver pattern

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19
Q

(se quema) what is the melody characterised by?

A

paired two-bar phrases

solo built from first six notes of Gm scale

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20
Q

(se quema) what are the two main vocal elements to the solo part?

A

lead vocals refrain

contrasting, more elaborate ‘narrative’ phrases

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21
Q

(se quema) what does the backing vocal always commence on?

A

mediant or supertonic

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22
Q

(se quema) what does the Cuatros opening material consist of?

A

balanced rising and falling phrases

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23
Q

(se quema) what does the cuatros extended solo feature?

A

additional chromatic notes
broken dominant 7th patterns
leaps of minor 9th

24
Q

(se quema) what do the vocals consist of?

A

only tonic and dominant 7ths (Gm + D7)

25
Q

(se quema) describe the tonality

A

Gm

26
Q

(se quema) does it modulate?

A

no

27
Q

(se quema) describe the structure

A

alteration of pregon and coro with extended cuatro solo

28
Q

(se quema) what ostinato is used?

A

guajeo

29
Q

(se quema) what are the two chords used?

A

Gm

D7

30
Q

(se quema) what’s the coro?

A

chorus

male voices

31
Q

(candela) what does Alla va Candela translate to?

A

there goes mr fire

32
Q

(candela) what type of song is it?

A

Bolero-son

33
Q

(candela) what’s the characteristics of the Bolero?

A

about love
quadruple time
lyrical melody

34
Q

(candela) describe the sonority

A 
solo male voice chorus
male-voice chorus
cuatro
guitar
pizz double bass
maracas
bongos
claves
35
Q

(candela) what’s the texture?

A

mel-dom-hom

36
Q

(candela) what are the vocal parts confined to?

A

two-note octave interjections of ‘mama’

37
Q

(candela) what’s the metre?

A

moderate quadruple time in Bolero then an acceleration into the ‘son’ section

38
Q

(candela) what notable features are there in the rhythm?

A 
flowing quavers in cuatro at opening
syncopation
vocal phrases begin with an anacrusis
crotchet triplets in cuatro
dotted rhythm in bass
39
Q

(candela) what is the melody characterised by?

A

balanced phrasing
melodies more flexible than ‘se quema’
prominent falling 5th at the close of phrases

40
Q

(candela) how is the vocal melody characterised?

A

vocal lines built entirely from notes of E major scale

solo vocalist covers a 12th (B-Fsharp)

41
Q

(candela) what represents a beating heart?

A

rapidly repeating notes

42
Q

(candela) describe the introduction

A

cuatro
broken chord
tonic triad

43
Q

(candela) describe the cuatro solo

A

chromatic notes
chromatic scale
repetitions
ornamentation

44
Q

(candela) what does the harmony draw on?

A

the tonic chord

45
Q

(candela) what is the key?

A

E major

46
Q

(candela) does it modulate?

A

no

47
Q

(candela) what’s a striking feature of the structure?

A

avoidance of a repeat of the opening bolero material

48
Q

(candela) what are the two chords mostly used?

A

E and B7

49
Q

(candela) chords briefly appear?

A

F sharp 7
E7
A

50
Q

(chumbumba) What’s the chord sequence?

A

Gm and D7

51
Q

Koko-Yiri

A 
starts monophonic with balanced phrasing
heterophony and polyphony
cross-rhythms,polyrhythms and syncopation
modal with a pentatonic scale
call and response and unison
ostinato
free time/unmetred
learnt oraly
52
Q

Gershwin Cuban overture and Copeland - Three Latin American sketches

A 
pizz and arco strings
classical orchestra
rising figures
accented notes
quick rhythms
dance style
son clave rhythms
clear sense of pulse
repeated
passed around orchestra
dance style
53
Q

Ladysmith Black Mambazo

A 
call and response
vibrato
octaves
simple melodies
repetitive
clapping
contrapuntal
melismatic
almost spoken
54
Q

Flamenco dancing

A

stamping to emphasise beat
claps
held movements
dancers double melody

55
Q

Context

A

during the 19th c. African slaves were brought to cuba

cuban music = dancing and listening

56
Q

song context

A

Familia Valera Miranda
early 20th c.
origins = descarga - improv sessions
incidents from families history

Music (19 decks)

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