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Batman Flashcards

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1
Q

Who did Elfman have a long association with?

A

Tim Burton

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2
Q

What famous programmes/movies has he written for

A

Edward Scissorhands
The Nightmare before christmas
Sleepy Hollow
The Simpsons

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3
Q

Did Elfman orchestrate his own scores?

A

No

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4
Q

Describe the prescribed themes

A

part 1) tossing of infant penguin into river
part 2) main titles
BvsC) Batman defeats penguins circus performers
R&F) preparations to introduce penguin into society

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5
Q

Is it a full symphony orchestra?

A 
Yes, plus:
Organ
Choir
Synthesizer
large percussion section
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6
Q

What does the large percussion section feature?

A

xylophone
marimba
vibraphone

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7
Q

What ‘special additions’ are there?

A

whistle
accordion
fairground and steam organs

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8
Q

Describe the horns in the batman motif

A

low register

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9
Q

What interesting timbres are there in part 1?

A

Tutti orchestra, vocalising choir and organ
Organ solo in contrast with strings
Celesta chords with tremolo strings
Tutti orchestra and choir with sleigh bells

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10
Q

What’s interesting about the timbres in part 2?

A

Choir, widely spaced strings, harp and celesta broken chords

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11
Q

What interesting timbres are there in BvsC?

A

Xylophone, temple blocks and low percussive piano line with snare drum
Xylophone, piano bass, timpani, marimba and muted trumpet

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12
Q

What interesting timbres are there in R&F?

A

High string cluster chords
Accordion, flute and harp
Contrabassoon clarinet with celesta trumpet and string tremolo

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13
Q

How many performance techniques can be observed?

A

A wide range

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14
Q

Describe the strings

A

Tremolo
Pizz and arco
Glissandi

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15
Q

Whats interesting about the percussion?

A

Harp glissandi

tam-tam and cymbal roll

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16
Q

Describe the w.w

A

Flutter-tongue flute

Oboe extreme vibrato

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17
Q

What’s interesting about the brass?

A

Muted
Stopped horn notes
Horn glissandi
Trumpet extreme lip trill

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18
Q

Does the choir vocalise in part 1?

A

Yes

changing from ah to oo

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19
Q

What do textures draw on?

A

Homophonic layers

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20
Q

Outline some interesting textures in part 1

A

Drone
chordal
chords are decorated with falling broken-chord figures
passage of octaves

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21
Q

What interesting textures are in part 2?

A

Layers of ostinati over pedal and drawn out high notes

Mel-dom-hom with pounding triplets supporting statements of the Batman theme

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22
Q

What’s prominent in BvsC?

A

Percussive elements

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23
Q

Describe the interesting textures in R&F

A

Single note pizz cello line
High string clusters with widely spaced octaves and dom pedal
accordion with ‘waltz’ accompanying figure and long sustained notes for flute and harp in octaves

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24
Q

Do dynamics span the whole range?

A

Yes

Particular use is made of the quick-acting crescendo

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25
Q

How are speeds shown?

A

Metronome marks rather than terminology

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26
Q

How are metres changed?

A

On occasion

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27
Q

Describe the metre in part 1

A

Settles into a steady quadruple time after the slow triple time intro
One bar of 3/8

28
Q

Describe the metre in part 2

A

4/4

one bar of 5/4

29
Q

Whats the contrast between BvsC and R&F

A 
BvsC = mostly quadruple time, frequent bar changes reflect zany action
R&F = mainly quadruple time with distinctly triple time waltz section
30
Q

Is the rhythm handled in traditional terms?

A

yes

part 1 is characterised by ponderous steady crotchets and a brief dance-like theme

31
Q

How are rhythms more distinctive in part 2?

A

ostinati composed of running semiquavers

triplets important

32
Q

How is a strong feeling of propulsion created in he batman theme? in part 2

A

triplets and heavily accented accompaniment

33
Q

is there augmentation?

A

Yes, of the batman theme in part 2

34
Q

How is high energy created in BvsC?

A

Near constant quaver movement and bursts of semiquaver-semi-quaver-quaver figure on temple blocks

35
Q

What does the melody draw on?

A

Leitmotifs

36
Q

How is the batman motif distinctive?

A

Conjunct rising line, outlining the first three notes of the minor scale and the succeeding upward leap of a fourth and semitone fall to dominant note

37
Q

What does BvsC open with?

A

Reference to batman motif in bass instruments in Bm

38
Q

How many penguin motifs are there?

A

Two

39
Q

Describe the first penguin motif

A

four crotchet notes circling around the dominant

40
Q

Describe the second penguin motif

A

closely linked to first with prominent stepwise descent

41
Q

Describe the overall melody in BvsC

A

fragmentary and sometimes chromatic

42
Q

What harmony does Elfman draw on?

A

Functional

43
Q

Are there inversion chords?

A

Yes

44
Q

What key harmonic effects are there in part 1?

A 
Accented passing note
Dominant 7th
Diminished triad
Supertonic 7th
Diminished 7th
45
Q

What key harmonic effects are there in part 2?

A 
Tonic pedal
Side-shifting chords
Half-diminished chords
Augmented triad
False relations
46
Q

What key harmonic effects are there in BvsC?

A

Added 6th chords

Cluster chords

47
Q

What key harmonic effects are there in R&F?

A

‘Neapolitan’ Harmony
Appoggiatura
Whole-tone chords

48
Q

Outline all the structures

A

through-composed

49
Q

What do chords change between in B,O,P pt.2?

A

Bbm and Gb7

50
Q

What chords are the falling third in vocals of B.O.P pt 2?

A

C-Ab

51
Q

What chord sequence ends B,O,P pt.2?

A

C sharp, Em, C sharp, Em

Thirds

52
Q

What’s the harmony a mixture of in BvC?

A

Em and C sharp

53
Q

Star Wars context

A

Rebel blockade
Jon Williams
1977

54
Q

Star Wars Harmony

A 
functional
Tonic pedal in upper strings
leaps of 4ths and 7ths
Contrary motion
add notes e.g Gb add6
quartal  harmony
regular triads
55
Q

Star wars key/structure

A

Bb

ABA

56
Q

Star Wars melody

A

leitmotifs
heroic fainfair opening
B more lyrical
Spacy theme high and harp

57
Q

Star Wars texture/sonority

A 
full symphony orchestra
unusual instruments e.g celeste and gong
mostly forte
strings always tremolo
interesting texture e.g high piccolo
58
Q

Star Wars tempo/metre/rhythm

A 
regular rhythm in melody
lots of accents
triplets and sextuplets
syncopated
marching
triplet figure closes
59
Q

Alice in Wonderland

A 
Tim Burton
Aices theme
wood of bow
vocalising
dim. 7ths
heavy on strings
fragmented
flute decoration
60
Q

The dying swan

A 
Tchaichovsky
Swan Lake
melancholy - minor, arco, ostinato
rippling ostinato in piano
mel-dom-hom
conjunct
diatonic
slow moving end
closes monophony
spread chord
61
Q

Batman context

A

1992
American film based on comic-book superhero batman
Second instalment of warner bros batman franchise
Business tycoon Max Shreck teams up with Catwoman and Penguin in his plan to takeover Gotham
Directed by Tim Burton and music by Danny Elfman

62
Q

Danny Elfman context

A

Born in L.A 1953
no formal music training - vivid film goer
Best known for association with Tim Burton - worked on many films together
Music characterised by dark orchestral scores, often in minor keys
Melodies in middle of texture and often played by brass, w.w or strings in low registers
Elfman composed but studio arrangers did the orchestration

63
Q

Significance of similar themes

A

all suffered great trauma
Batman - parents murder
Catwoman - treated with contempt by her boss
Penguin - abandoned
Themes similar in melodic content but differ in orchestration and rhythm

64
Q

part one key

A

Fm

Am, Gm, Cm, Dm

65
Q

part 2 key

A

Dm

C, Fsharpm, Csharp

66
Q

BvC key

A

Bm

Csharp, Em, Cm

67
Q

R&F key

A

Cm ending on C major

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