School Violence & Cyber bullying Flashcards
School Violence
- def (includes)
- how many kids in school
- youth violence def
- survey: %s fighting, avoiding, weapon,bullied,cyber
School violence is any type of violence that occurs on school property, on way to or from, at school type event or on way to school event (aggravated and simple assaults, sexual assaults, robbery)
• In US Approx 50 million children enrolled in school from pre kinder to 12th another 15 million at college
• Youth violence involves the intentional use of physical force or power by a young person aginst another involving behaviors likely to cause physical or psych harm
• In 2011 survey grades 9-12 showed 12% of children reported being in fight on school property; 5.9 said they didn’t go to school because they felt unsafe; 5.4 reported carrying some type of weapon; 7.4 reported being threatened or injured with weapon on school property; 20% reported being bullied on school property; 16% bullied electronically
School Violence: Victims often suffer (5)
Decreased self-esteem Truancy Depression Post-traumatic stress disorder In extreme cases, suicide & violent retaliation
- typical shooters two most often characteristics; also?
- major risk factors for violence (3)
- loners
- imp identifier
- suicide
- fascination with morbid themes
- majority of shooters have? produces?(3)
- risk when combined with?
- Majority of shooters have/lack (3)
-Male with Social / peer rejection, 25% cruel to animals
1 Psychological problems
2 Fascination w/ instruments of destruction
3 Morbid fascination w/ death
- Most not longers; only 25% of cases did shooter hang out with fringe
- depression
- 3/4th of shooters had suicide ideation
-may be related to depression, suicide ideation, and anger at society than a central lifestyle
- shooters have little attachment to schools, teachers, peers; school attachment and bonding crucial in strategy to reduce school violence; also produces high academic achivement, reduces sub abuse, sexual behavior
- Risk factors when combined with social rejection raise a red flag.
- have poor social and coping skills, felt picked on, lack social support and prosocial relationshipts that might be protective factors
Psychological problems in shooters (4)
- Amt in contact with clinician
- Amt diagnosed
impulse control issues, lack of empathy, serious depression, aggressive/antisocial behavior
(1/3 of documented attackers have had contact with mental health professional; 1/5th diagonsed with mental disorder)
Bullying
- AKA, definition, traditional bullying
- critical features that distinguish (3)
- % exp bullying
- % rating major problem
- % highschool exp bullying
- % being bullied or part of it
- % harassed for sexual behavior
- % of chronic victims
- % of chronic bullies
- also called peer victimization or peer harrasment
- defined as peer aggression in which one or more individuals physically verbally or psychologically harrass a weaker victim
- systematically and chronically inflicting physical hurt or psych distress on on or more students - distinguish bullying from simple conflict is intention to cause harm, repated incidences, and inbalnace of power
- 40-80% of all children expereicne bullying
- 60% of elementary kids rate bullying as major problem affecting their lives
- 70 % middle & high school students experienced bullying
- 20-40 %report bullied or been part of bullying
- 27 %harassed for not conforming to sexually stereotypical behavior
- 5-15 %chronic victims
- 7-12 %chronic bullies
- Survey of 15 year olds
- 5th-12th graders
- CDC survey (% bullied)
- gender
• Surveying 15 year olds rank bullying as more of a problem than other types of violence
- 5th-12th graders more consdiered about emotional maltreatment and social cruelty from peers than anything else
- Survey conducted by CDC of grades 9-12 almost 20% reported being bullied on school property
• Prevelance of bullying higher among females
Contributing causes to becoming a bully (8)
- both victims and bullies have
- Feeling powerless
- Very low or very high self-esteem
- Obtain admiration & attention of friends
- Fear of being left out
- Inability to empathize with others
- Taking out angry feelings
- Culture of aggression & bullying
- Being bullied themselves
- Both victims and bullies are highly disliked and socially rejected by peers; however research shows that some bullies admired and victims may find support
Cyber-bullying
- def
- length
- % of females
- % children
- Britain children cyberbullied
- anonymity (%) (reason)
Intentional & repetitive harm inflicted through electronic forms of contact
- Cyberbullying often short duration (month or less)
~60% victims are female
~20% of children are cyber-bullied
– In Britain 1 in 4 youth between 11-19 said they were cyberbullied in 2002; similar in Canada, and America
- Survey of 1,211 students, approx 40% of those who were cyberbullied didn’t know identity of cyberbully
Cyberbullying encourages deindividuation; not knowing bully increases feelings of powerlessness
Bullying Myths (5)
- All bullies are rejected by their peers & have no friends (Research shows many bullies have high status in classroom)
- All bullies have low self-esteem (Many studies show bullies percieve themselves in a positive way)
- Being a bullying victim builds character (Being bullied increases vulnerability)
- Many childhood victims of harassment become violent as teens (Most vicitms likely to suffer in silence rather than retaliate) (anger turned inward rather than outward)
- Bullying involves only perpetrators & victims (Studies based on playground observaition found 75% of bullying incidences show at least 4 other witnesses present; only 25% of incidences where witness support the victim and defend them)
Sexual Bullying
- gender
- exs
Experienced more often by females, Usually perpetrated by males. Based on stereotypical roles (learned behavior)
- Sexualized name calling, innuendo, Unwelcome looks, comments about appearance, Spreading sexual rumors
Bullying and Ethnicity/Race
- influence
- occurs
- research (critical factor
- Influenced by membership in dominate ethnic group(s)
- when there’s an imbalance of power between perpetrator & victim
- No research shows enthincity as a risk factor for victimization; more critical factor is whether ones ethcnic group is majority in school; Less to do with ethnicity more to do with ethnic composition in classroom
Bullying Disabled
- disabled children bullied (x)
- how many learning disabled bullied( 1 in?)
Disabled children 3X more likely to be bullied
~8 of 10 learning disabled are bullied
Intervention Strategies (4 types)
- Whole school programs
- Classroom curricula
- Target at risk individuals (bullies)
- Skill building (Conflict mediation strategies,Prosocial skills)
published most comprehnesive study indicating? name
- # of student vics of crime
- # of violent victimizations/# of serious ones
- Of the 33 stuent, staff school associated violent deaths occuring in 2009-2010: # of violent deaths, homicides, suicides, legal interventions
- # of students threatened, injured with weapon in school
- # of secondary teachers threatened, elementary; attacked
- # cyberbullied
published most comprehnesive study indicating:
− In 2010 number of students (12-18) who where victims of crime was 828,000; total number enrolled in prek-12th was 49 million
− Same year 359,000 violent victimizations, 91,400 serious ones
− Of the 33 stuent, staff and nonstudent school associated violent deaths occuring in 2009-2010, 25 homicides, 5 suicides and 3 leagle interventions
− 2009, 8% of students (9-12) threatened, injured with weapon on school prop
− 8% of secondary teachers and 7% of elementary teachers threatened/injuried; 6% and 2% attacked
− 6% of students (12-18) cyber bullied in 2009
- More likely to be victims os serious violent crime where?
- how many crimes per student
- % of homicides at school
- # of students fear being attacked in school
− Students more likely to be vics of serious violence or homicide away from school
- 12 crimers per 1,000 students
- remains less than 2% of total youth homicides; indicateds that youths more likely to be murdered away from school
- 1 of 10 students in secondary school fear they will be attacked or harmed in school
School Shooting Myths(6)
- School violence is an epidemic
- All shooters alike
- School shooter always longer
- Shooters motivated by revenge
- Easy access to weapons most signf factor
- Unusal behaviors or hobbies hallmarks of student
- Shooter’s intentions
- %, term
- reason
- Safe School Coalition of Washington State survey (3)
- how many shooters bullied
- Virtually all shootings violent intentions were made clear to others (mostly peers)
- 50% made intentions known; pehonmenon called leakage
- However peers rearely report these threats; reason not understood but fear seems to be major role
- revealed that fear of not being believed, fear of retribution, fear of what might happen to youth threatening the violence most freq concerns
- At least 2/3rds of shooters were bullied by peers
National study of school violence in schools: Gottfredson, Payne
- conclusion
report schools that students find rules fair and which discipline is consistent there is less violence; regarless of type of school and community. Also schools with high teacher morale, focusm stonrg leadership, teacher involvment are protected from violence. Conclusion was school climate makes signficant diff in reducing crime
