Schizophrenia- ID psychodynamic approach

Question 1

How does this approach explain SZ?

Answer 1

Fixation
Regression

Question 2

What is the stages of this approach?

Answer 2

Fixation in the oral stage
Regression in the oral stage
Schitzophrenegenic mothers

Question 3

What is fixation

Answer 3

Fixation is when the focus on a particular stage on the psychosexual stages
Leads to fixation on the appropriate area of body related to threat, fixation occurs due to under or over gratification

Question 4

Fixation in the oral stage- what age does this occur?

Answer 4

0-18 months

Question 5

Fixation in the oral stage- where is the libido focused?

Answer 5

Mouth

Question 6

Fixation in the oral stage- key behaviour in psychosexual stage?

Answer 6

Breast feeding
Chewing toys
Teething

Question 7

Fixation in the oral stage- adult fixation?

Answer 7

Nail biting
Kissing
Smoking
Chewing gum

Question 8

Where are SZ fixated at this stage?

Answer 8

Oral

Question 9

Regression in the oral stage?

Answer 9

An ego defence mechanism
If individual goes into stress, they may regress back to earlier stages of development rather than deal with their issues in an adult way
-Impulses pushed into the unconscious
-Someone fixated at a particular stage may regress back to that stage as an adult in response to stress

Question 10

Regression- How would freud describe the mind of an infant?

Answer 10

Infants are self centered with no ego to keep in check
-Only focus on gratification with no care for other
-As an adult they will be narcissist unable to plan actions

Question 11

Regression- how does this link to symptoms of SZ?

Answer 11

SZ go back to new born state
Focusing on self and disengage from reality activating adult mind
Creation of alternate reality not part of the world explain SZ hallucinations and delusions

Question 12

Schizophrenogenic mother- Fromm Reichmann et al?

Answer 12

SZ caused by mother that were overly dominated in the home towards SZ children
-Whilst being controlling and overprotective they are cold and distence
-Overprotection stifles child’s development and the distance leaves the child feeling emotionally insecure
-Leads to distrust developing in paranoid delusions and turn SZ

Question 13

Schizophrenogenic mother- Fromm Reichmann et al characteristics of mothers?

Answer 13

Cold and dominant
Overprotective
Rigid and insensitive
Moralistic about sec
Rejecting
Fear of intimacy
Conflict inducing

Question 14

Evaluation-Outdates?

Answer 14

Weekness
Psychodynamic used to dominate the half of the 20th century , however other more empirical Reaserch became available creating PD to become problematic
It’s unfalisible due to the lack of testable hypothesis and the lack of ability to prove concepts wrong
Ultimately unscientific

Question 15

Evaluation- Reaserch support SZ mother Kasin?

Answer 15

Strength
Examined hospital records finding maternal overprotection is present in 33/45 cases
-But at this time psychodynamic was dominant so we have to legitimise weather it’s valid due to the bias

Question 16

Evaluation- Socially sensitive?

Answer 16

SZ mothers are to blame of the development of SZ
This could cause harm to the mothers as they already lead a difficult life having to live and raise someone with SZ
Therefore it’s an ethical issue as the stress and guilt could be a trigger for any underlying mental health disorders

Question 17

Evaluation- Incomplete explanation?

Answer 17

Weekness
Only links to positive symptoms like hallucinations, delusions and disordered thinking
But ignored negative like agolia abolition, ahedineia, flatness of effect and catatonic behaviour

Question 18

Evaluation- lack of effective treatment?

Answer 18

Weekness
Freud believed individuals with SZ were not suitable candidates for psychoanalysis due to lacking the insight necessary for treatment
Strupp et al- psychoanalysis therapies actually can lead to delectaruds and harmful rather than beneficial effects, in those with SZ
This might be because psychoanalysis patients with SZ to experience memories and insights that they are emotionally incapable of dealing with this and trying to do so it’s distressing for them