Addiction- Social Psychology The Role Of The Media Flashcards

1
Q

What did bandura believe?

A

Social learning theory developed via the behaviourist ideas of conditioning
Learning through reinforcement and learning this can be via role models
This can be learned via observation imitation and modeling of the role models This can

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2
Q

What is vicariousl reinforcement?

A

Getting consequence from seeing someone else’s behaviour

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3
Q

What is the mediational process?

A

Take place after seeing behaviour observation before imitation

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4
Q

What are features that make imitation more likely?

A

Features of model
Identification
Vicarious reinforcing

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5
Q

Factors making imitation more likely- features of models?

A

If they are desirable in some way
E.g. strong popular and imitations more likely

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6
Q

Factors making imitation more likely- identification?

A

If the observer is similar in some way e.g. age gender
For role model imitation more likely however related to them wanting to be like role models

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7
Q

Factors making imitation more likely- vicarious reinforcement?

A

Consequence of behaviour if role model is deemed neigh rewarded for behaviour observer wants to imitate it as they want to reward themselves

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8
Q

What are the 4 meditational processes?

A

Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation

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9
Q

Mediation process- attention?

A

The behaviour to be imitated must be observed and paid attention to
An individual must be observe a role mode, engaging in behaviour
If behaviour not observed it can’t be copied

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10
Q

Mediational process- retention?

A

The observed behaviour needs to be remembered
Included the various aspect or steps involved in the behaviour
If behaviour is to be repeated the person must be able to retain the knowledge of the actions they have observed

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11
Q

Mediational process- reproductive?

A

The individual must be able to repete the behaviour they have observed
This means having the physical ability to imitate it and the equipment necessary

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12
Q

Mediational process- motivated?

A

The individual must be motivated to repete behaviour

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13
Q

Reaserch- Gunaseker at el?

A

Analyses 87 of the top 200 movies over that’s 20 years
The use alcohol and tabacco was common, but also noted incidences of cannabis and other drug use
Main focus was that their addiction tended to be portrayed positively without negative consequence providing vicarious reinforcement for addicts who view their role models as engaging in exciting addictive behaviour with no negative outcome
This can make a person become an addict due to imitating their role model

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14
Q

Research- Hanewinkel et al?

A

Studied 2,345 teens 12-14 from a range of European cultures who reported that they had never drank alchol and did not intend to do so
At the follow up 12 month later 40% of sample had tried alchol and 9% had engaged in bindge drinking
Even after controlling for a range of variables e.g. personality characteristics and school preformance, it was shown that exposure to alchol occurance in films was associated with an increased risk of drinking alchol

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15
Q

Reaserch- Glantz?

A

Into the portrayal of addictive behaviour in Tv and film also showed an interest trend
As levels of tobacco use in films decreased from 1950 to 1982 so did the sale of tobacco products

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16
Q

Evaluation- difficulty establishing a causal link reasercher?

A

Pechmann and shih

17
Q

Evaluation- difficulty establishing a causal link?

A

Difficult to establish cause and effect between the covariant,es
Could be a 3rd factor like family and friends

18
Q

Evaluation- difficulty establishing a causal link counter argument?

A

Pechmann and Shih
Had 2 conditions which were tv with smoking and one without
People seeing smoking had a more positive attitude towards it vs those that didn’t watch

19
Q

Evaluation- lacking population validity?

A

Reaserch is done on adolescence compared to adults this is an issue as adolescence are more likely to be present on social media so therefore are more likely to be influenced

20
Q

Evaluation- lack of population validly counter argument?

A

Jamison and Romer

21
Q

Evaluation- lack of population validly counter argument Jamieson and Romer?

A

Look at tobacco trends on tv and compared this to smoking in Us
Even controlling factors like price change this suggest a clear correlation between tv cigarette

22
Q

Evaluation- Adolescence view on the role of the media examples?

A

Atkinson

23
Q

Evaluation- Adolescence view on the role of the media?

A

One limitation on the role of the media is adolescence view on the role of the media
Found that drinking alchol was often frowned upon by younger generation and found that they didn’t influence them more influence by peers

24
Q

Evaluation- positive effect of media reaserchers?

A

Pechmann and Shih

25
Q

Evaluation- positive effect of media Pechmann and Shih?

A

A benefit of explanation is that it can lead to positive effects and contribute to reduction if behaviour
If we can reduce impact of addiction if we show negative effect of addiction help relieve positive behaviour
-Did a study where any affect in smoking in the film cancelled out by anti smoking advert
Aspects of the media do this negative consequence e.g. Amy whine houses dead or drug use and films (vicarious punishment)