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Histopathology > Salivary Glands and Associated Pathology- Exam III > Flashcards

Salivary Glands and Associated Pathology- Exam III Flashcards

1
Q

Saliva is involved to some degree in all of the following functions: (5)

A
  1. speech
  2. mastication
  3. taste
  4. swallowing
  5. digestion
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2
Q

A protein thought to be necessary for growth and maturation of taste buds:

A

gustin

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3
Q

responsible for degrading starch in digestion:

A

salivary amylase

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4
Q

Saliva functions in protection of teeth by lubricating the ____ from noxious stimuli, bacterial toxins, and minor trauma

A

lining mucosa

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5
Q

Saliva function in protection of teeth by a ____ action to rid the mouth of ____ bacteria

A

washing action; non-adherent

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6
Q

A protective role of saliva is the clearance of ____ from the mouth

A

sugars

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7
Q

Saliva plays a ____ function through the prevention of potential pathogenic bacteria from colonizing the mouth

A

buffering

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8
Q

In order for most pathogenic bacteria to colonize the mouth an _____ is required

A

acidic pH

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9
Q

What functions in the buffering of microbial acids (2)?

A
  1. bicarb
  2. phosphate ions
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10
Q

a protein that raises the pH of dental plaque after exposure to fermentable carbohydrates (buffering action)

A

sialin

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11
Q

Salivas antimicrobial action works via: (3)

A
  1. lysozymes
  2. lactoferrin
  3. salivary IgA
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12
Q

contributes to the antimicrobial action of saliva by hydrolyzing bacterial cell walls:

A

lysozyme

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13
Q

contributes to the antimicrobial action of saliva by binding free iron and thereby depriving bacteria of an essential nutrient:

A

lactoferrin

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14
Q

contributes to the antimicrobial action of saliva by causing bacterial clumping (agglutination)

A

salivary IgA

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15
Q

____ and ____ ions facilitate mineralization of tooth surface which function s in the maintenance of tooth integrity:

A

calcium and phosphate

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16
Q

Epithelial growth factor and clotting factor are both present in saliva and function in:

A

soft tissue repair

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17
Q

_____ dictate differentiation of oral epithelium which , in turn, proliferates and grows into the underlying ____.

A

ectomesenchymal cells; mesenchymes

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18
Q

The epithelial buds during the development of salivary glands undergo ____ & _____ .

A

histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation

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19
Q

The epithelial buds during the development of salivary glands undergo histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation to form assemblies of: (2)

A

alveoli and epithelial cords

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20
Q

In the development of salivary glands, the assemblies of alveoli develop into _____ and the epithelial cords develop into ____

A

acinar cells; ducts

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21
Q

Stage of salivary gland development accomplished by underlying ectomesenchyme:

A

induction of oral epithelium

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22
Q

Stage of salivary gland development, after the induction of oral epithelium, growth of the _____ occurs

A

epithelial cord

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23
Q

during salivary gland development, cytodifferentiation to become acinar cells, myoepithelial cells and ductal cells is accomplished by:

A

FGF and EGF

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24
Q

FGF + EGF + Terminal bulb cells results in: (3)

A
  1. acinar cells
  2. myoepithelial cells
  3. duct cells
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25
The parotid and submandibular glands begin to form during the ____ of embryonic development with the sublingual gland initiation development during the ____.
6th week; 8th week
26
minor salivary glands begin to form by the ____ of embryonic development
10th
27
List what week of embryonic development the following salivary glands form: 1. parotid = 2. submandibular = 3. sublingual = 4. minor salivary glands =
1. 6th 2. 6th 3. 8th 4. 10th
28
the secreting unit of a salivary duct:
acinus
29
The hierarchy of ducts starting at the level of the secreting unit: (5)
1. intercellular canaliculus 2. intercalated duct 3. striated duct 4. excretory duct (collecting duct) 5. terminal excretory duct
30
Myoepithelial cells of salivary glands are also called:
basket cells
31
Part of salivary gland associated with terminal end pieces (acini) and intercalated ducts
myoepithelial cells
32
Parotid gland is formed from:
stenson's duct
33
Submandibular gland is formed from:
Wharton's duct
34
Sublingual gland is formed from:
Bartholin's duct
35
The parotid gland is a ____ secreting gland:
pure serous
36
Responsible for 20% of unstimulated salivary flow:
parotid gland
37
Parotid gland enlargement occurs in: (5)
1. parotitis (mumps) 2. Sjogrens syndrome 3. bulemia nervosa 4. anorexia nervosa 5. benign and malignant neoplasia
38
The submandibular gland is a ___ secreting gland:
mixed seromucous gland
39
Although the submandibular gland is a mixed seromucous secreting gland, it predominantly secretes ____ with ___ contributions
serous fluid; mucous contributions
40
Responsible for 60% of unstimulated salivary flow:
submandibular gland
41
What structures can be found in the submandibular gland?
serous demilunes
42
The sublingual gland is a ____ secreting gland
mixed mucoserous
43
Although the sublingual gland is a mixed mucoserous gland is it predominantly _____ secreting
mucous
44
Responsible for 10% of unstimulated salivary flow:
sublingual gland
45
____ are structures that can be found associated with sublingual glands
serous demilunes
46
Minor salivary glands account for ____% of unstimulated salivary flow:
10%
47
Most minor salivary glands are ___ secreting
mucous
48
The named minor salivary glands include: (4)
1. von Ebners 2. Blandin-Nuhn 3. Weber's 4. Carmalt's
49
Von Ebner's gland is a minor salivary gland that is a ____ gland associated with circumvallate papillae
Pure serous
50
Pure serous glands associated with circumvallate papillae (minor salivary gland)
Von Ebner's Gland
51
Mucoserous glands located on the ventral surface at tip of tongue (minor salivary gland):
blandin-nuhn
52
mucous glands associated with the pharyngeal tonsils (minor salivary gland):
Weber's
53
Mucous glands found in the mandibular retromolar area (minor salivary gland)
Carmalt's
54
What are the classifications of glands (5):
1. endocrine 2. exocrine 3. merocrine 4. apocrine 5. holocrine
55
Classification of gland in which the product is secreted into blood and affects other cells; no duct system involved
Endocrine
56
Classification of gland in which the product is secreted onto a surface; usually has a duct
exocrine
57
Classification of gland in which little to no damage to secreting cells occurs
merocrine
58
salivary glands are classified as a ____ gland
merocrine
59
Classification of gland in which partial injury to secreting cells occurs
apocrine
60
mammary/ sweat glands are classified as ___ glands
apocrine
61
Classification of gland in which total destruction of secreting cells occurs
holocrine
62
sebaceous glands are an example of a ____ gland
holocrine
63
Not a pathologic lesion and represent an ectopic sebaceous gland:
fordyce's granules
64
The result of trauma that severs the duct resulting in extravasation of mucin into the surrounding soft tissues:
salivary gland mucocele
65
Salivary gland mucoceles most commonly occur:
at the lips, tip of the ventral surface of the tongue and soft palate
66
Salivary gland mucoceles are characterized by an accumulation of ____ containing numerous foamy histocytes surrounded by granulation tissue
mucin
67
A term used to designate a mucocele that occurs in the floor of the mouth:
ranula
68
Ranulas most often involve the:
sublingual salivary gland
69
chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by xerostomia, xeropthalmia, or keratojunctivitis sicca:
Sjogren's syndrome
70
Parotid gland swelling due to lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate:
Sjogren's syndrome
71
80-90% of Sjogren's syndrome occurs in:
middle aged females
72
A salivary gland mixed tumor may also be called:
pleomorphic adenoma
73
A mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma) is a benign tumor that accounts for: ___% of parotid gland tumors ___% of submandibular gland tumors ___% of minor salivary gland tumors
53-77 parotid 44-68 submandibular 38-43 minor salivary
74
Mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas) can be described as: Well ____ and _____
well circumscribed and encapsulated
75
In mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas) the tissues are derived from:
mixture of ductal and myoepithelial cells
76
What cells are also present in mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas):
keratinizing squamous cells and mucous producing cells
77
One of the most common salivary malignancies that typically involves the parotid gland and consequently causes pain or facial nerve palsy development:
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
78
Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are composed of a mixture of ____ cells and ____ cells
mucous producing; epidermoid
79
Abundant cellular pleomorphism and a tendency to form cystic areas within the tumor cell mass is characteristic of:
mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Histopathology (15 decks)

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