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Histopathology > Odontogenesis- Exam 1 > Flashcards

Odontogenesis- Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 components make up the tooth?

A

enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp

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2
Q

What 4 components make up the periodontium?

A

ginigiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone proper

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3
Q

List the 6 stages of tooth development?

A
  1. initiation
  2. bud stage
  3. cap stage
  4. bell stage
  5. apposition
  6. maturation
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4
Q

During the initiation stage of tooth development what occurs?

A

cellular induction

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5
Q

During the bud stage of tooth development, what occurs?

A

cellular proliferation

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6
Q

During the cap stage of tooth development, what occurs?

A

proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis

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7
Q

During the bell stage of tooth development, what occurs?

A

proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis

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8
Q

During the apposition stage of tooth development, what occurs?

A

induction and proliferation

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9
Q

During the maturation stage of tooth development, what occurs?

A

maturation

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10
Q

What plays an instructional role during the pre-tooth bud stage of tooth formation?

A

epithelium (ectoderm)

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11
Q

What dictates what type of tooth will be formed?

A

neural crest cells (mesenchyme)

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12
Q

The enamel organ is derived from:

A

primitive oral ectoderm

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13
Q

What 3 structures are prominent during the induction stage of tooth development?

A
  1. oral ectoderm
  2. neural crest cells
  3. dental lamina
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14
Q

When does the induction stage of tooth development occur?

A

6-7th week

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15
Q

During the induction stage, when the ectoderm invaginates into the mesenchyme, it can now be referred to as:

A

dental lamina

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16
Q

THe dental lamina is separated from the surrounding mesenchyme by a:

A

basement membrane

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17
Q

When does the bud stage of tooth development occur?

A

8th week

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18
Q

During the bud stage of tooth development, the proliferating oral ectoderm makes the transition into:

A

dental lamina

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19
Q

When does the early cap stage of tooth development occur?

A

9-10 weeks

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20
Q

During the early cap stage ____ occurs resulting in the creation of buccal vestibule

A

apoptosis

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21
Q

What help to hold the shape of the enamel organ during the cap stage

A

stellate epithelium

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22
Q

cells that are still undifferentiated but make their way up into the inner enamel epithelium area:

A

dental papilla

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23
Q

Some of the dental papilla cells will end up becoming:

A

odontoblast & pulp

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24
Q

During the cap stage of of tooth development, what surrounds the enamel organ, inner enamel epithelium and dental papilla?

A

dental follicle

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25
Q

The dental follicle may also be called:

A

dental sac

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26
Q

The dental follicle encapsulates the entire enamel organ and will eventually become the:

A

periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone

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27
Q

At this stage, all layers of the enamel organ can be differentiated:

A

bell stage

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28
Q

During the bell stage, the inside of the enamel organ is comprised of:

A

inner enamel epithelium

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29
Q

During the bell stage, the enamel organ is covered by ____ on the outside

A

outer enamel epithelium

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30
Q

The double layer of flattened cells on top of the inner enamel epithelium during the bell stage:

A

stratum intermedium

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31
Q

During the bell stage, the loosely packed cells on the inside of the stratum intermedium:

A

stellate reticulium

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32
Q

The rounded cells lining the basement during the bell stage:

A

pre-odontoblasts

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33
Q

The outer enamel epithelium is comprised of ___ cells and serves as ____.

A

cuboidal cells and serves as a protective barrier

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34
Q

The inner enamel epithelium is comprised of ____ cells and differentiates into:

A

cuboidal cells; ameolblasts

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35
Q

The stellate reticulum are ____ shaped cells forming the network inside the _____.

A

star-shaped; enamel organ

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36
Q

What serves as the supportive function in enamel production:

A

stellate reticulum & stratum intermedium

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37
Q

The stratum intermedium is a compressed layer of _____ cells

A

flat cuboidal cells

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38
Q

The dental sac consists of ____ fibers around the ____

A

collagen; enamel organ

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39
Q

What will the dental sac eventually differentiate into?

A
  1. cementum
  2. PDL
  3. alveolar bone
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40
Q

The cells nearest to the IEE that have basement membrane separation:

A

dental papilla

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41
Q

The outer cells of the dental papilla differentiate into:

A

odontblasts

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42
Q

The inner cells of the dental papilla differentiate into:

A

pulp tissue

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43
Q

During the bell stage at the bottom where the inner and outer enamel epitheliums meet form the:

A

cervical loop

44
Q

During root development, the junction of the outer and inner enamel epithelia

A

cervical loop

45
Q

The cervical loop is the site of _____ in the adult tooth

A

cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)

46
Q

Fusion of the apical extension of the outer and inner enamel epithelia

A

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

47
Q

What determines the outline of the root dentin and the number of roots a tooth will have?

A

hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

48
Q

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath is removed before the _____ is laid down

49
Q

Enamel formation stops at the termination of the:

A

enamel organ

50
Q

Enamel formation stops at the termination of the enamel organ but ____ continues and pushes the tooth ____.

A

dentin formation; occlusally

51
Q

The epithelial diaphragm is the modification of the Hertwigs sheath creating septa that divide into the ____ and create ___.

A

pulpal tissue; multiple roots

52
Q

Root lenght is not complete until ____ after the tooth is emerged into the oral cavity

53
Q

After the tooth is emerged into the oral cavity, what happens with the roots?

A

pulp chamber narrows and apical opening constricts

54
Q

What type of growth describes tooth development?

A

appositional growth

55
Q

During the apposition stage of tooth development, the stratum intermedium produces:

A

alkaline phosphatase

56
Q

During the apposition stage, the inner enamel epithelium will form _____ which will form ____

A

ameloblasts; enamel

57
Q

During the apposition stage of tooth development, the peripheral cells of the dental papilla form the ___ which will form the ____

A

odontoblasts; dentin

58
Q

What is the first formed dentin called?

A

mantle dentin

59
Q

Mantle dentin contains what types of collagen?

A

type 1 and type 3

60
Q

In the mantle dentin, the collagen fiber in the matrix are oriented ____ to the DEJ

A

perpindicular

61
Q

The presence of the mantle dentin stimulates the _____

A

ameloblasts to secrete the enamel matrix

62
Q

During the apposition stage of tooth development, the ameloblasts migrate ____ while the odontoblasts migrate ____.

A

ameloblasts- peripherally

odontoblasts- inward (centrally)

63
Q

Describe actively secreting ameoloblasts:

A

tall columnar cells

64
Q

Describe inactive ameloblasts:

A

short columnar or elongated cuboidal cells

65
Q

At the final stage of mineralization, the reduced ameloblasts with the remaining cells of the outer enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum, and stratum intermedium form a membrane on the surface of the enamel. This is termed:

A

primary cuticle

66
Q

The primary cuticle may also be called:

A

nasmyth’s membrane

67
Q

What are the 4 abnormal tooth development categories?

A
  1. anodontia
  2. hypodontia
  3. oligodontia
  4. hyperdontia
68
Q

Refers to the total lack of tooth development

69
Q

Refers to the lack of development of one or more teeth

A

hypodontia

70
Q

Refers to the lack of formation of six or more teeth (a subdivision of hypodontia)

A

oligodontia

71
Q

Refers to the development of an increased number of teeth (the additional teeth are termed supernumerary)

A

hyperdontia

72
Q

Defect that originates during the initiation stage that results in development of one or more extra teeth

A

supernumerary teeth

73
Q

What stage do supernumerary teeth develop in?

A

initiation stage

74
Q

The most common manifestatio of supernumerary tooth formation

75
Q

Results in multiple small fragments of tooth structure consisting of dentin, enamel, cementum or any combination. This occurs during the initiation stage

76
Q

What stage does odontoma occur in?

A

initiation stage

77
Q

Comprised of a conglomerate mass of enamel and dentin that bears no anatomic resemblance to a tooth

A

complex odontoma

78
Q

Comprised of multiple, small tooth-like structures

A

compound odontoma

79
Q

An enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of multi-rooted teeth with apical displacement of the bifurcation (for example an exceptionally long root trunk with very short roots)

A

taurodontism

80
Q

Defined as an abnormal angulation or bend in the root

A

dilaceration

81
Q

defect that originations during cap stage of development that results in large single-rooted tooth with one pulp cavity and exhibits twinning in crown area

A

gemination

82
Q

During what stage of tooth development does gemination take place?

83
Q

Tooth count is normal when the double tooth is counted as one in this form of abnormal tooth development:

A

gemination

84
Q

Refers to a double tooth in which the tooth count reveals a missing tooth when the double tooth is counted as one:

85
Q

Defect occurring during the apposition and maturation stages that results in union of root structure of two or more teeth by cementum

A

concresence

86
Q

Defect occuring during the cap stage of development that restults in an extra cusp due to effects on enamel organ

A

tubercle formation

87
Q

During what stage of tooth development does concresence occur?

A

apposition and maturation stage

88
Q

During what stage of tooth development does tubercle formation occur?

89
Q

Originates by separation of the dental follicle (dental sac) from the crown of an unerupted tooth.

A

Dentigerous Cyst (a.k.a follicular cyst)

90
Q

A dentigerous cyst is attached at the:

91
Q

Comprises 20% of all jaw cysts

A

dentigerous cyst

92
Q

Arises from the cells rests of the of dental laminal (also called rests of serres)

A

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor

93
Q

The OKC constitutes _____ of all odontogenic cysts

94
Q

60% of all odontogenic keratocyst cases are diagnosed in patients between the ages of:

A

10-40 years

95
Q

OKCs are considered _____ cysts

A

bone expanding

96
Q

OKs located in the posterior mandible often present as:

A

multilocular lesions

97
Q

What is the treatment of choice for an OKC

A

surgical removal

98
Q

What occurs 30% of the time after the surgical removal of an OKC?

A

recurrence

99
Q

In an OKC, wall consisting of a 6-8 cell layer of stratified squamous epithelium with ____ at the luminal surface

A

parakeratosis

100
Q

The lumen of an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) if often filled with:

101
Q

IN and OKC presence of inflammaton will generally cause epithelial ____ & ____ of the basal cell layer

A

proliferation and pallisading

102
Q

The most common neoplastic lesion arising from odontogenic epithelium.

A

amelobastoma

103
Q

What type of epithelium does an ameloblastoma arise from?

A

odontogenic epithelium

104
Q

Considered a slow growing, locally invasive tumor that has a multilocular or “soap bubble” appearance on radiographs.

A

ameloblastoma

105
Q

Ameloblastomas are _____ when it comes to radiation

A

radio-resistant

Histopathology (15 decks)

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