Salivary Gland Swellings and Enlargement Flashcards
what can cause changes in gland size
viral inflammation
secretion retention
gland hyperplasia
what kind of viral inflammation can give larger glands
mumps
HIV
how does HIV affect salivary glands
lymphoproliferative enlargement of the glands
what is a mucocele
secretion retention in the duct and extravasated into the tissues looking like a blister
how do you treat a mucocele
it bursts in days so no treatment but if it becomes fixed in size refer to oral surgery
what are mucoceles related to
minor injuries (lip bites)
what is subacute obstruction
swelling associated with meals where the swelling increases as salivary flow starts and reduces when it stops
what does subacute obstruction cause
duct blockage in submandibular gland
duct stricture in parotid gland
what are the potential causes of subacute obstruction
sialolith (stones)
mucous plugging
ductal damage from chronic infection
what investigations are used for subacute obstruction
low dose plain radiography
lower true occlusal
sialography
isotope scan
ultrasound assessment
what is duct stricture
damage to the salivary duct potentially by infection
how do you fix duct stricture
balloon catheters to stretch
what happens in duct dilation
micro-organisms grow and lead to persisting and recurrent sialadenitis
function is gradually lost
what does chronic non-specific sialadenitis look like on histology
ducts and acini on histology normal but lost and replaced with scar tissue if patient has sialadenitis
how do you manage subacute obstruction
surgical sialolith removal
sialography
gland removal if fixed swelling
