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Oral Medicine BDS4 > Reactive Lesions of the Oral Mucosa > Flashcards

Reactive Lesions of the Oral Mucosa Flashcards

1
Q

what type of epithelium is the oral mucosa

A

stratified squamous

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2
Q

what are the gross types of oral mucosa

A

lining
masticatory
gustatory

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3
Q

what are the microscopic types of oral mucosa

A

non-keratinised
keratinised - parakeratosis/orthokeratosis

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4
Q

name a keratinised part of the oral mucosa

A

palate

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5
Q

where does cell division occur

A

basal and suprabasal cells

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6
Q

what strata are in the cornified part of the epithelium

A

stratum corneum

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7
Q

what strata are in the maturation part of the epithelium

A

granulosum
spinosum

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8
Q

what strata is the progenitor part of the epithelium

A

basal

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9
Q

what is keratosis

A

parakeratosis of non-keratinised site

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10
Q

what is acanthosis

A

hyperplasia of stratum spinosum

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11
Q

what is elongated rete ridges

A

hyperplasia of basal cells

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12
Q

what is atrophy

A

reduction in viable layers

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13
Q

what is erosion

A

partial thickness loss

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14
Q

what is ulceration

A

full thickness loss with fibrin on surface

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15
Q

what is dysplasia

A

disordered maturation in a tissue

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16
Q

what is atypia

A

changes in cells

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17
Q

what leads to atrophy

A

age and nutritional deficiencies

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18
Q

what nutritional deficiencies leads to atrophy and glossitis

A

iron
vit B12
folate

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19
Q

what does atrophy of the tongue predispose you to

A

infection

20
Q

what factors does how our oral mucosa react to trauma depend on

A

irritation
time
person

21
Q

what are the forms of oral mucosa reaction

A

inflammation
keratosis
ulceration
fibrous tissue formation
formation of vesicles and bullae

22
Q

what are epulides

A

soft tissue swellings on the gingiva

23
Q

why do epulides occur

A

chronic inflammation/chronic trauma

24
Q

what does the word peripheral mean in describing where a lesion originates from

A

originates on the gingiva not jaw bone

25
Q

what is seen on histology from a fibrous epulis

A

ulceration
granulation tissue
metaplastic bone formation

26
Q

what can be seen on pyogenic granuloma (vascular epulis) histology

A

blood vessels

27
Q

what is a pyogenic granuloma made of

A

granulation tissue

28
Q

why does a pyogenic granuloma arise

A

response to trauma

29
Q

where can a pyogenic granuloma arise

A

any mucosal site

30
Q

if a pyogenic granuloma is present during pregnancy what is it called

A

pregnancy epulis

31
Q

if a giant cell lesion is on gingiva or alveolus what is it called

A

epulis

32
Q

what can be seen on the histology of giant cell epulis

A

giant cells

33
Q

what are giant cells

A

fused macrophages

34
Q

what are the causes of giant cell epulis

A

unphagocytosable material
local chronic irritation
infection agents
hormonal stimulation of cells - osteoclasts
autoimmune disease - sarcoidosis

35
Q

what do you need to exclude in your diagnosis of a giant cell lesion

A

systemic disease
raised PTH - low vit D in diet, malabsorption, renal disease

36
Q

what is a fibroepithelial polyp

A

reactive hyperplastic lesion

37
Q

what fibrous overgrowths can be caused from denture use

A

denture induced hyperplasia
leaf fibroma
papillary hyperplasia of palate

38
Q

what is seen on the histology of papillary hyperplasia of the palate

A

pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia

39
Q

what can come with papillary hyperplasia of palate

A

candidal infection

40
Q

what drugs induce fibrous overgrowth

A

antihypertensives - Ca channel blockers
anti-epileptics - phenytoin
immunosuppressants - ciclosporin

41
Q

what treatment is needed for drug induced fibrous overgrowth

A

repeated gingivectomy

42
Q

why does pregnancy gingivitis occur

A

increased progesterone levels

43
Q

what does pregnancy gingivitis respond to treatment wise

A

oral hygiene measures

44
Q

what are the 2 types of hamartomas

A

capillary and cavernous

45
Q

what type of vascular lesions can you get

A

haemangioma present at birth
sturge weber syndrome
vascular malformation evident later in life

46
Q
A

Oral Medicine BDS4 (28 decks)

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