Oral Mucosal Diseases Flashcards
what do we refer to oral medicine
anything the dentist thinks might be cancer or dysplasia
any symptomatic lesion that has not responded to standard treatment
benign lesion that patient cant be persuaded is not cancer
what is the oral mucosa made of
stratified squamous epithelium
lamina propria
keratin?
what mucosa is orthokeratosis
gingiva and palate
what is parakeratosis
keratinised as a result of change to normal anatomy
where should cells divide
basal and suprabasal cells
what is acanthosis
hyperplasia of stratum spinosum, thickening due to reaction change
what gives the appearance of elongated rete ridges
hyperplasia of basal cells
what is atrophy
reduction in viable layers
what is erosion
partial thickness loss
what is ulceration
fibrin on the surface
what is intracellular oedema
each cell is bigger and fluid filled
what is intercellular oedema
fluid between the cells
what is geographic tongue
alteration to maturation and replacement of normal epithelial surface giving small areas of semicircular white and red areas
what symptoms are associated with geographic tongue
sensitivity with acidic/spicy foods, intermittent symptoms which are worse in children
what are the possible causes of geographic tongue
haematinic deficiency
parafunctional trauma
dysaesthesia
what is black hairy tongue
elongation of surface papilla which can be stained by bacterial colonisation/pigment from food
what is the treatment for black hairy tongue
remove elongated surface with tongue scraper or nectarine stones sucked around the mouth for an hour
what can happen as a result of a fissured tongue
food trapping causing inflammation
lichen planus and candida
what is glossitis
smooth tongue with red appearance due to inflammation and atrophy
what investigations do we do for glossitis
haematinics
what swellings do we refer to oral med
symptomatic
abnormal overlying and surrounding mucosa
increasing in size
rubbery consistency
trauma from teeth
unsightly
what swellings do we NOT refer
tori
small polyps
mucoceles
what are tori
bony swellings associated with parafunctional clenching habits seen in TMJ pain patients often
what is a pyogenic granuloma
granulation tissue with mixed inflammatory infiltrate on fibro-vascular background
trauma response
what can pyogenic granulomas look like
fibrous yellow appearance or red appearance
