Safety Flashcards
Safety:
condition of being free from physical or physiological harm and injury.
Unintentional Injuries:
results from incidents such as falls, motor vehicle crashes, poisoning, drownings, fire —associated injuries, suffocation, and firearms. “accidents”
unintentional injuries were the 5th leading cause of death.
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control:
works to reduce injury, disability, death, and the costs associated with injuries.
Intentional Injuries:
result from deliberate acts of violence or abuse and often have fatal consequences such as suicide or homicide.
The Joint Commission:
independent, not-for-profit group in the U.S. that accredits hospitals and other health-care related agencies.
quality and safety education for nurses minimizes risk of harm to patients and provide system effectiveness.
National Patient Safety Goals:
identify patients correctly improve staff communication use medicines safely use alarms safely prevent infections identify patient safely risks prevent mistakes in surgery
Infants, toddlers, and preschoolers:
parents should check for info on approved cribs, devices, and toys.
School age children:
drowning is a risk. children should not be allowed to swim without adult supervision, and they should wear life jackets.
Adolescents/Teenagers:
intentional and unintentional poisonings can occur with use of nicotine, drugs, and alcohol.
Adults:
work-related hazards can result in injury and death
Older Adults:
risk for motor vehicle crashes, falls, and burns.
Pollution:
contamination of air, land, water, and the environment by unnatural or harmful substances.
Air Pollution:
caused by the release of chemicals or by products of manufacturing into the atmosphere.
Land Pollution:
improper disposal of trash/waste; can be reduced by reusing/recycling materials.
water can become polluted through improper refuse disposal, animal waste, and industrial by products, resulting in infection and other disease.
Noise Pollution:
from factories construction sites, trains, planes, loud music, and cheering in sport stadiums.
causes hearing loss, stress, and elevated blood pressure.
Communicable Disease:
can be transmitted person to person
CDC:
manages communicable disease
OSHA:
manages workplace hazards
Electrical Shock:
occurs when a person comes in contact with an energy source and energy flows through the body or portion of the body to the ground.
Abuse:
anything offensive, harmful, or injurious to an individual that can pose a direct safety threat.
Bio-terrorism:
deliberate release of biologic agents such as bacteria. viruses, and other microbes to cause illness or kill people, animals, or plants.
Suffocation:
when air no longer reaches the lungs and respiration ceases.
Poisoning:
intentional or unintentional ingestion, inhalation, injection, or absorption through the skin of any substance harmful to the body.
Toxins:
substances that cause poisoning
Lead Poisoning:
occurs when lead levels build up in blood over months- years, and it can affect all body systems.
Carbon Monoxide:
colorless, odorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death
Source of Carbon Monoxide Include:
cars, stoves, gas range, portable generators, lanterns, burning charcoal/wood, and heating systems.
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
federal organization that certifies all participating hospitals. (safety risks in health care agencies include fall and restraints)
Physical Restraints:
used to restrict movement
Chemical Restraints:
medication that is administered to control behavior.
What are ways to prevent medication errors?
6 rights: right pateint right medication right dose right time right route right documentation
Johns Hopkins Hospital Fall Assessment Tool:
7-items can be completed quickly and easily includes fall prevention intervention
Morse Fall Scale:
6-items, used in acute/long term care settings
Hendrich II Fall Risk Model:
8-items, acute care settings to assess fall risk.
Fire Emergency Response:
Rescue
Activate
Contain
Extinguish
Fire Extinguisher:
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
Can restraints be delegated?
No, but they can be monitored.
Proper way to dispose of drugs:
mix with coffee grounds or kitty litter and place in a glass jar because some medications become toxic after a period of time.
Why does CMS no longer make payments to hospitals for cost of additional care resulting from patient falls:
because they are preventable
