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Fundamentals > Ethnicity, Cultural, Spiritual Health- Public/Community Health > Flashcards

Ethnicity, Cultural, Spiritual Health- Public/Community Health Flashcards

1
Q

Culture:

A

refers to the learned, shaped, and transmitted knowledge of values, beliefs, and ways of life of a particular group; that are generally transmitted from one generation to another.

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2
Q

Ethnicity:

A

person’s identification with or membership in a particular racial, national, or cultural group and observation of the group’s customs, beliefs, and language.

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3
Q

Culture is learned not:

A

inherited (also is symbolic, shared, and integrated)

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4
Q

Enculturation

A

process whereby a culture is passed from generation to generation

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5
Q

Generalization

A

statement, idea, or principle that has a broad application. Generalizations are a beginning point; one should gather more information.

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6
Q

Language:

A

most important symbolic aspect of culture

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7
Q

Stereotype (see)

A

set of fixed ideas, often unfavorable about members of a group (ignores individuality of people)

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8
Q

Prejudice

A

process of devaluing an entire group because of assumed behavior, values, or attributes (“labeling”)

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9
Q

Prejudice applies group stereotypes to individuals and assumes that:

A

all people within a group will act in a predetermined manner.

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10
Q

Discrimination:

A

policies and practices that harm a group

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11
Q

Race:

A

socially constricted concept that tends to group people by common descent, heredity, or physical characteristics

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12
Q

Racism:

A

unfounded belief that race determines a person character or ability and that one race is superior or inferior to another.
(scientific evidence indicates that no one race is culturally or psychologically superior to another.

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13
Q

Acculturation:

A

culture of 1 or both groups may be changed, however each group is distinct.

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14
Q

Assimilation:

A

individuals from one cultural group into another “melting pot”

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15
Q

Schools are places where:

A

a society’s cultural values, traditions and official heritage are taught.

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16
Q

Family is:

A

basic unit of society

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17
Q

Cultures oriented to the present are less likely to:

A

embrace preventive health care.

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18
Q

Spirituality

A

expression of meaning and purpose in life; central dimension of health, affecting its physical, psychological, and social.

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19
Q

Spirit:

A

dimension of the human self that thinks contemplates and explores the meaning and purpose in life.

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20
Q

Transcendence:

A

process of moving beyond who one is in the moment and toward the person one will become in the future.

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21
Q

Faith:

A

belief beyond self that is based on trust and life experience rather than scientific data.

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22
Q

Ability to have faith allows people to:

A

demonstrate hope

23
Q

Hope:

A

confident expectation of a positive outcome in the face of challenging circumstances

24
Q

Both faith and hope are related to how people:

A

practice spirituality

25
Q

Most religions celebrate life events:

A

birth, marriage, death

26
Q

Atheist:

A

believes that God or higher powers do not exist

27
Q

Agnostic:

A

believes that nature or existence of God is unknowable.

28
Q

If a pt request prayers and the nurse is uncomfortable participating in this practice, it is best to

A

allow pt to lead the prayer.

29
Q

Health:

A

state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

30
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
Physiological (bottom)
Safety 
Love/Belonging 
Self Esteem
Self Actualization
31
Q

Health Belief Model:

A

explores how patient’s attitudes and beliefs predict health behavior

32
Q

Self Efficacy:

A

belief in one’s ability to perform a task

33
Q

Preventive Action:

A

lifestyle change and info gathering about a health topic that leads to a change in behavior

34
Q

Perceived Susceptibility:

A

beliefs about the chances of getting a condition or disease

35
Q

Perceived Severity:

A

beliefs about the seriousness of a condition and its consequences

36
Q

Perceived Benefits:

A

beliefs about the effectiveness of taking action to reduce risk of seriousness

37
Q

Perceived Barries

A

beliefs about the material and psychological costs of taking action

38
Q

Cues to action:

A

factors that activate readiness to change

39
Q

Self Efficacy:

A

confidence in one’s ability to take action

40
Q

Health Promotion:

A

behavior motivated by the desire to increase well being and optimize health status

41
Q

Aroma therapy cannot be used with pts who:

A

have breathing difficulties

42
Q

Primary Prevention:

A

utilized before disease becomes established by removing the causes of increasing resistance

goal: to modify risks factors to avoid the onset of disease and prevent pathological processes from occurring
example: environment safety, supplements, fitness classes, seat belts, immunizations

43
Q

Secondary Prevention:

A

undertaken in cases of latent disease

goal: early detection and diagnosis of health problems before pts exhibit symptoms of disease
examples: hypertension screening, mammogram, vision screening, testicular screening

44
Q

Tertiary Prevention:

A

aka treatment rehab stage of preventive care, is implemented when a condition/illness is permanent and irreversible

goal: reduce the impact and number of complications and disabilities resulting from a disease of medical condition.
examples: teaching life style changes, stress relief therapy, diet alterations

45
Q

Precontemptation

A

unaware of the problem

46
Q

Contemptation

A

aware of problem and desire to change

47
Q

Preparation

A

intends to take action

48
Q

Action:

A

practices desired behavior

49
Q

Maintenace

A

wants to sustain the changed behavior

50
Q

Public health nursing examines:

A

the community as a whole

51
Q

Social determinants can cause a population to be:

A

healthy or vulnerable to disease or disability

52
Q

Social determinants are affected by:

A

distribution of wealth and power
resources
organizational policies
government polices

53
Q

Home health care nursing:

A

promotes, maintains, or restores health at an optimal level of functioning also reduces effects of disability and illness

54
Q

Things to remember in home health:

A

you are a guest
must establish relationships
interact effectively
promote communication

Fundamentals (12 decks)

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