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Gross Anatomy 2 > SA Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

SA Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Inclusive organs involved in the formation and excretion of urine and organs of male/female repro.

A

Urogenital system

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2
Q

What are the boundries of the pelvic inlet?

A

Laterally and ventrally: acurate line of the ilium

Dorsally: Sacrum

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3
Q

What are the boundries of the pelvic outlet?

A

Ventral: Ischiatic arch
Dorsal: first caudal vertebra
Lateral: soft tissue

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4
Q

What are the 2 primary muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  1. Coccygeus

2. Levator ani

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5
Q

Which pelvic diaphragm muscle is the most lateral?

A

Coccygeus

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6
Q

Which pelvic diaphragm muscle is the most medial?

A

Levator ani

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7
Q

What is the function of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

anchors the urogenital tract

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8
Q

Why is the pelvic diaphragm important in pregnant animals?

A

prevents sinking of the abdomen and displacement during parturition

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9
Q

What are the boundries of the Ischiorectal fossa?

A

Lat: Ischial tuber and sacrotuberous lig.
Med: pelvic diaphragm
Vent: pelvic floor
Base: Skin

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10
Q

Continuation of the colon that begins at the pelvic inlet

A

Rectum

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11
Q

Continuation of the rectum to the anus

A

Anal Canal

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12
Q

What are the 3 zones of the Anal canal?

A
  1. Columnar
  2. Intermediate
  3. Cutaneous
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13
Q

zone of the anal canal where the mucosa of the rectum forms longitudinal folds

A

Columnar

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14
Q

Zone of the Anal canal that is between the columnar and cutaneous zone

A

Intermediate

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15
Q

Zone of the Anal canal that contain fine hairs and the opening to the perianal sinus

A

Cutaneous

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16
Q

What is another name for the paranal sinuses?

A

Anal Sacs

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17
Q

T/F. Paranal sinuses are paired?

A

T

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18
Q

Paranal sinuses are located b/t the _____ and ______.

A

internal and external anal sphincter

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19
Q

3 special muscles of the rectum and anal canal

A
  1. internal anal sphincter
  2. external anal sphincter
  3. Rectococcygeus
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20
Q

Caudal thickened part of the anal canal composed of smooth muscle

A

Internal anal sphincter

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21
Q

What innervates the internal anal sphincter

A

pelvic plexus and hypogastric

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22
Q

Muscle of the anal canal that is a Large band of striated muscle under voluntary control

A

External anal sphincter

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23
Q

Which muscle of the anal canal is the chief guardian of the lumen of the anal canal?

A

External anal sphincter

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24
Q

Muscle that stabilizes the anal canal and rectum?

A

Retrococcygeus

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25
Surrounds the anus and vulva and covers the pelvic outlet
Perineum
26
B/t the tail and scrotum/udder
Perineal region
27
B/t the anus and the dorsal commissure
Perineal body
28
Which perinum is sometimes torn during parturition?
Perineal body
29
What is a perineal hernia?
protrusion of pelvic or abdominal viscera through a weakened or ruptured pelvic diaphragm
30
Perineal hernias occur b/t the _____ and the ____ mm.
External anal sphincter and levator mm.
31
What are the 4 peritoneal reflections?
1. pararectal fossa 2. rectogenital pouch 3. vesicogenital pouch 4. pubovesical pouch
32
Peritoneal reflection located above the rectum
Pararectal fossa
33
where is the rectogenital pouch located in males?
b/t the rectum and the genital fold
34
Where is the rectogenital pouch located in females?
b/t the uterine horns and uterus
35
Where is the vesicogenital pouch located in females?
b/t the bladder and uterus
36
Where is the vesicogenital pouch located in males?
b/t the prostate and genital fold
37
Peritoneal reflection b/t the urinary bladder and the pubis
Pubovesical pouch
38
Lig. of the bladder that contains the urachus
median lig.
39
Lig of the bladder that contains the round lig. of the bladder and ureters
Lateral lig.
40
What are the 3 portions of the bladder?
1. Apex 2. Body 3. Neck
41
What forms the trigon of the bladder
ureteric and urethral openings
42
Folds that are persistent and converge at the exit from the bladder
Urethral crest
43
The layer of the outer bladder wall that will squeeze and empty the bladder
Detrusor muscle
44
What is the suburethral diverticulum?
blind pouch found in the urethra of the cow and sow
45
muscle that surrounds the urethra
urethralis m
46
What are the 2 parts of the male urethra
1. pelvic | 2. penile
47
Elevated region on the urethral crest of the male urethra
Colliculus seminalis
48
what are the 2 brances off of the aorta that supply the urogenital tract?
1. External Iliac | 2. Internal Iliac
49
What are the 3 branches off of the Internal iliac
1. Umbilical 2. Internal pudendal 3. Caudal Gluteal
50
In the fetus, the umbilical artery (branch off internal iliac) carries blood from ____ to ____.
aorta to placenta
51
If the umbilical a. is patent in the adult it will give off the _____ which goes where?
Cranial vesical a. | to the apex of the bladder
52
The remeinent of the umbilical a. in the adult is known as _____
Round lig. of the bladder
53
The Internal iliac terminates as which 3 branches?
1. ventral perineal (caudal rectal) 2. urethral 3. artery of the penis/clitoris
54
Main blood supply to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus mm.
Caudal gluteal
55
The pelvic plexus recieves SNS from the _____
Hypogastric n.
56
The pelvic plexus recieves PSNS from _____
pelvic n.
57
What does the pelvic plexus innervate?
Pelvic viscera
58
Nerve that supplies post synaptic SNS axons to the pelvic plexus and SNS to the pelvic viscera
Hypogastric n.
59
Nerve that supplies pre-synaptic PSNS axons to the pelvic plexus and PSNS to the pelvic viscera
Pelvic n.
60
the Genitofemoral n. supplies somatic innervation to the _____ m. and sensory to the _____.
Cremaster m; Skin of proximal medal aspect of the ingunal region (prepuce, scrotum, inguinal mammary gland)
61
The pudental nerve supplies somatic innervation to the _____ and sensory to the ______
Striated musculature of the perineum; rectum, anus, scrutum/vulva, penis, clitoris, perineum
62
Lymph node located b.t the deep circumflex iliac a. and external iliac a.
medial iliac lnn
63
Lymph node located b/t the internal iliac a. and median sacral a.
Hypogastric lnn
64
Lymph nodes located ventral to the sacrum
Sacral lnn
65
Lymph nodes located cranial to the vaginal process in females and along the dorsolateral border of the penis in males.
Superficial inguinal lnn

Gross Anatomy 2 (27 decks)

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