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Gross Anatomy 2 > SA Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

SA Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Inclusive organs involved in the formation and excretion of urine and organs of male/female repro.

A

Urogenital system

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2
Q

What are the boundries of the pelvic inlet?

A

Laterally and ventrally: acurate line of the ilium

Dorsally: Sacrum

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3
Q

What are the boundries of the pelvic outlet?

A

Ventral: Ischiatic arch
Dorsal: first caudal vertebra
Lateral: soft tissue

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4
Q

What are the 2 primary muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  1. Coccygeus

2. Levator ani

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5
Q

Which pelvic diaphragm muscle is the most lateral?

A

Coccygeus

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6
Q

Which pelvic diaphragm muscle is the most medial?

A

Levator ani

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7
Q

What is the function of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

anchors the urogenital tract

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8
Q

Why is the pelvic diaphragm important in pregnant animals?

A

prevents sinking of the abdomen and displacement during parturition

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9
Q

What are the boundries of the Ischiorectal fossa?

A

Lat: Ischial tuber and sacrotuberous lig.
Med: pelvic diaphragm
Vent: pelvic floor
Base: Skin

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10
Q

Continuation of the colon that begins at the pelvic inlet

A

Rectum

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11
Q

Continuation of the rectum to the anus

A

Anal Canal

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12
Q

What are the 3 zones of the Anal canal?

A
  1. Columnar
  2. Intermediate
  3. Cutaneous
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13
Q

zone of the anal canal where the mucosa of the rectum forms longitudinal folds

A

Columnar

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14
Q

Zone of the Anal canal that is between the columnar and cutaneous zone

A

Intermediate

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15
Q

Zone of the Anal canal that contain fine hairs and the opening to the perianal sinus

A

Cutaneous

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16
Q

What is another name for the paranal sinuses?

A

Anal Sacs

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17
Q

T/F. Paranal sinuses are paired?

A

T

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18
Q

Paranal sinuses are located b/t the _____ and ______.

A

internal and external anal sphincter

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19
Q

3 special muscles of the rectum and anal canal

A
  1. internal anal sphincter
  2. external anal sphincter
  3. Rectococcygeus
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20
Q

Caudal thickened part of the anal canal composed of smooth muscle

A

Internal anal sphincter

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21
Q

What innervates the internal anal sphincter

A

pelvic plexus and hypogastric

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22
Q

Muscle of the anal canal that is a Large band of striated muscle under voluntary control

A

External anal sphincter

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23
Q

Which muscle of the anal canal is the chief guardian of the lumen of the anal canal?

A

External anal sphincter

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24
Q

Muscle that stabilizes the anal canal and rectum?

A

Retrococcygeus

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25
Q

Surrounds the anus and vulva and covers the pelvic outlet

A

Perineum

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26
Q

B/t the tail and scrotum/udder

A

Perineal region

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27
Q

B/t the anus and the dorsal commissure

A

Perineal body

28
Q

Which perinum is sometimes torn during parturition?

A

Perineal body

29
Q

What is a perineal hernia?

A

protrusion of pelvic or abdominal viscera through a weakened or ruptured pelvic diaphragm

30
Q

Perineal hernias occur b/t the _____ and the ____ mm.

A

External anal sphincter and levator mm.

31
Q

What are the 4 peritoneal reflections?

A
  1. pararectal fossa
  2. rectogenital pouch
  3. vesicogenital pouch
  4. pubovesical pouch
32
Q

Peritoneal reflection located above the rectum

A

Pararectal fossa

33
Q

where is the rectogenital pouch located in males?

A

b/t the rectum and the genital fold

34
Q

Where is the rectogenital pouch located in females?

A

b/t the uterine horns and uterus

35
Q

Where is the vesicogenital pouch located in females?

A

b/t the bladder and uterus

36
Q

Where is the vesicogenital pouch located in males?

A

b/t the prostate and genital fold

37
Q

Peritoneal reflection b/t the urinary bladder and the pubis

A

Pubovesical pouch

38
Q

Lig. of the bladder that contains the urachus

A

median lig.

39
Q

Lig of the bladder that contains the round lig. of the bladder and ureters

A

Lateral lig.

40
Q

What are the 3 portions of the bladder?

A
  1. Apex
  2. Body
  3. Neck
41
Q

What forms the trigon of the bladder

A

ureteric and urethral openings

42
Q

Folds that are persistent and converge at the exit from the bladder

A

Urethral crest

43
Q

The layer of the outer bladder wall that will squeeze and empty the bladder

A

Detrusor muscle

44
Q

What is the suburethral diverticulum?

A

blind pouch found in the urethra of the cow and sow

45
Q

muscle that surrounds the urethra

A

urethralis m

46
Q

What are the 2 parts of the male urethra

A
  1. pelvic

2. penile

47
Q

Elevated region on the urethral crest of the male urethra

A

Colliculus seminalis

48
Q

what are the 2 brances off of the aorta that supply the urogenital tract?

A
  1. External Iliac

2. Internal Iliac

49
Q

What are the 3 branches off of the Internal iliac

A
  1. Umbilical
  2. Internal pudendal
  3. Caudal Gluteal
50
Q

In the fetus, the umbilical artery (branch off internal iliac) carries blood from ____ to ____.

A

aorta to placenta

51
Q

If the umbilical a. is patent in the adult it will give off the _____ which goes where?

A

Cranial vesical a.

to the apex of the bladder

52
Q

The remeinent of the umbilical a. in the adult is known as _____

A

Round lig. of the bladder

53
Q

The Internal iliac terminates as which 3 branches?

A
  1. ventral perineal (caudal rectal)
  2. urethral
  3. artery of the penis/clitoris
54
Q

Main blood supply to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus mm.

A

Caudal gluteal

55
Q

The pelvic plexus recieves SNS from the _____

A

Hypogastric n.

56
Q

The pelvic plexus recieves PSNS from _____

A

pelvic n.

57
Q

What does the pelvic plexus innervate?

A

Pelvic viscera

58
Q

Nerve that supplies post synaptic SNS axons to the pelvic plexus and SNS to the pelvic viscera

A

Hypogastric n.

59
Q

Nerve that supplies pre-synaptic PSNS axons to the pelvic plexus and PSNS to the pelvic viscera

A

Pelvic n.

60
Q

the Genitofemoral n. supplies somatic innervation to the _____ m. and sensory to the _____.

A

Cremaster m; Skin of proximal medal aspect of the ingunal region (prepuce, scrotum, inguinal mammary gland)

61
Q

The pudental nerve supplies somatic innervation to the _____ and sensory to the ______

A

Striated musculature of the perineum;

rectum, anus, scrutum/vulva, penis, clitoris, perineum

62
Q

Lymph node located b.t the deep circumflex iliac a. and external iliac a.

A

medial iliac lnn

63
Q

Lymph node located b/t the internal iliac a. and median sacral a.

A

Hypogastric lnn

64
Q

Lymph nodes located ventral to the sacrum

A

Sacral lnn

65
Q

Lymph nodes located cranial to the vaginal process in females and along the dorsolateral border of the penis in males.

A

Superficial inguinal lnn

Gross Anatomy 2 (27 decks)

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