Final Exam: Special Somatic Afferent Flashcards
What are some categories of neurons:
- GVA
- GSA
- GVE
- GSE
- SVA
- SSA
Neurons that transmit the sensation of smell and tase are designates as ______
Special visceral afferent (SVA)
Which CN transmits olfactory impusles?
CN1
Which CNs transmit taste impulses?
7, 9, 10
Neurons that supply motor innervation to m. of pharyngeal arch origin are designated as _____
Special visceral efferent (SVE)
Which CNs contain SVE fibers?
5, 7, 9, 10, 11
Neurons that transmit the special senses of vision hearing, and balance are designated as _____
Special somatic afferent (SSA)
Which CNs contain SSA fibers?
2 and 8
What are the 6 steps of the auditory pathway?
- cochlear hair cells of CN 8
- Cochlear nuclei
- caudal colliculus
- Thalamus
- auditory cortex
- primary auditory pathway
Fast motor response elicited by sudden onset of tactile, vestibular, or acoustic stimulus that exceeds certain intensity threshold?
Startle reflex
What is CN 8?
vestibulochochlear n.
Startle reflex cause flexion/extension of skeletal m.?
flexion
What 3 things does startle reflex facilitate?
- Overriding of conscious bbehavioral patterns
- portection from physical impact
- fight/flight response
What are the 2 types of hearing loss refering to time?
- acute (rapid onses)
2. Chronic (persistent)
What are the 2 types of hearing loss refering to damage?
- conductive
2. sensorineural
deafness as a result of damage to structures of the inner ear preventing stimulation of electrical impusles
Sensorineural
deafness as a result of damage to structures of the external and or middle are preventing the conduction of sound waves to the inner ear
conductive
how can you test sensoriniural deafness?
BAER test
Genetic deafness can be linked to the ____ gene that results in white coat color and or spotted coat
Piebald
organ within the head that senses balance and acceleration, distinct from general proprioceptors that are located within m. tendons and joints
Vestibular system
Where are cell bodies of SSA neurons located?
vestibular ganglia
Where are the axons of SSA neurons located?
vestibular nuclei of the hindbrain
Reflex that allows eyes to remain fixed on a given focal point while the head is moving in any direction
vestibulo-ocular reflex
normal movement of the eyes in response to head movement
physiologic nystagms
T/F during nystagmus, the fast phase goes away from lesion?
T
What are the 3 directions of nystagmus?
horizontal, vertical, rotary
reflex that produces neck movements and forelimb extension that counteracts the tilt of the head
vestibulo-collic reflex
T/F the head will tilt away from the lesion
F, tilts towards
Vestibulospinal tracts stimulate extensor mm ipsilaterally/contralaterally?
ipsilaterally
Vestibulospinal tract inhibits extensor mm. ipsilaterally/contralaterally
contralaterally
Excessive stimulation of the vestibular apparatus causes:
nausea and loss of appetite
Receives light from peripheral visual fields and axons cross over at the optic chiasm
nasal retinae
Receives light from binocular visual fields and axons do not cross at the optic chiasm
Temporal retinae
What is seen by one eye
monocular
what is seen by both eyes
binocular
field of vision for the right eye
right visual field
field of vision for the left eye
left visual field
When the optic tract reaches the thalamus, two courses can be followed:
- pathway for conscious perception
2. pathway to midbrain for unconscious reflex pathway
what are the two pathways of the unconscious reflex pathway
- retinopretectal pathway
2. retinotectal pathway
What are the two pathways of the retinotectal pathway?
- tectobulbar pathway
2. tectospinal pathway
which unconscious reflex pathway is for pupillary constriction?
retinotectal pathway
which unconscious pathway is for somatic reflex
retinotectal pathway
What are the 3 non cortical pathways?
- retinopretectal
- retinotectal
- retinohypothalamic
What pathway is cortical
retinogeniculostriate
