Final Exam: Special Somatic Afferent

Question 1

What are some categories of neurons:

Answer 1

1. GVA
2. GSA
3. GVE
4. GSE
5. SVA
6. SSA

Question 2

Neurons that transmit the sensation of smell and tase are designates as ______

Answer 2

Special visceral afferent (SVA)

Question 3

Which CN transmits olfactory impusles?

Answer 3

CN1

Question 4

Which CNs transmit taste impulses?

Answer 4

7, 9, 10

Question 5

Neurons that supply motor innervation to m. of pharyngeal arch origin are designated as _____

Answer 5

Special visceral efferent (SVE)

Question 6

Which CNs contain SVE fibers?

Answer 6

5, 7, 9, 10, 11

Question 7

Neurons that transmit the special senses of vision hearing, and balance are designated as _____

Answer 7

Special somatic afferent (SSA)

Question 8

Which CNs contain SSA fibers?

Answer 8

2 and 8

Question 9

What are the 6 steps of the auditory pathway?

Answer 9

1. cochlear hair cells of CN 8
2. Cochlear nuclei
3. caudal colliculus
4. Thalamus
5. auditory cortex
6. primary auditory pathway

Question 10

Fast motor response elicited by sudden onset of tactile, vestibular, or acoustic stimulus that exceeds certain intensity threshold?

Answer 10

Startle reflex

Question 11

What is CN 8?

Answer 11

vestibulochochlear n.

Question 12

Startle reflex cause flexion/extension of skeletal m.?

Answer 12

flexion

Question 13

What 3 things does startle reflex facilitate?

Answer 13

1. Overriding of conscious bbehavioral patterns
2. portection from physical impact
3. fight/flight response

Question 14

What are the 2 types of hearing loss refering to time?

Answer 14

1. acute (rapid onses)

2. Chronic (persistent)

Question 15

What are the 2 types of hearing loss refering to damage?

Answer 15

1. conductive

2. sensorineural

Question 16

deafness as a result of damage to structures of the inner ear preventing stimulation of electrical impusles

Answer 16

Sensorineural

Question 17

deafness as a result of damage to structures of the external and or middle are preventing the conduction of sound waves to the inner ear

Answer 17

conductive

Question 18

how can you test sensoriniural deafness?

Answer 18

BAER test

Question 19

Genetic deafness can be linked to the ____ gene that results in white coat color and or spotted coat

Answer 19

Piebald

Question 20

organ within the head that senses balance and acceleration, distinct from general proprioceptors that are located within m. tendons and joints

Answer 20

Vestibular system

Question 21

Where are cell bodies of SSA neurons located?

Answer 21

vestibular ganglia

Question 22

Where are the axons of SSA neurons located?

Answer 22

vestibular nuclei of the hindbrain

Question 23

Reflex that allows eyes to remain fixed on a given focal point while the head is moving in any direction

Answer 23

vestibulo-ocular reflex

Question 24

normal movement of the eyes in response to head movement

Answer 24

physiologic nystagms

Question 25

T/F during nystagmus, the fast phase goes away from lesion?

Answer 25

T

Question 26

What are the 3 directions of nystagmus?

Answer 26

horizontal, vertical, rotary

Question 27

reflex that produces neck movements and forelimb extension that counteracts the tilt of the head

Answer 27

vestibulo-collic reflex

Question 28

T/F the head will tilt away from the lesion

Answer 28

F, tilts towards

Question 29

Vestibulospinal tracts stimulate extensor mm _ipsilaterally/contralaterally_?

Answer 29

ipsilaterally

Question 30

Vestibulospinal tract inhibits extensor mm. _ipsilaterally/contralaterally_

Answer 30

contralaterally

Question 31

Excessive stimulation of the vestibular apparatus causes:

Answer 31

nausea and loss of appetite

Question 32

Receives light from peripheral visual fields and axons cross over at the optic chiasm

Answer 32

nasal retinae

Question 33

Receives light from binocular visual fields and axons do not cross at the optic chiasm

Answer 33

Temporal retinae

Question 34

What is seen by one eye

Answer 34

monocular

Question 35

what is seen by both eyes

Answer 35

binocular

Question 36

field of vision for the right eye

Answer 36

right visual field

Question 37

field of vision for the left eye

Answer 37

left visual field

Question 38

When the optic tract reaches the thalamus, two courses can be followed:

Answer 38

1. pathway for conscious perception | 2. pathway to midbrain for unconscious reflex pathway

Question 39

what are the two pathways of the unconscious reflex pathway

Answer 39

1. retinopretectal pathway | 2. retinotectal pathway

Question 40

What are the two pathways of the retinotectal pathway?

Answer 40

1. tectobulbar pathway | 2. tectospinal pathway

Question 41

which unconscious reflex pathway is for pupillary constriction?

Answer 41

retinotectal pathway

Question 42

which unconscious pathway is for somatic reflex

Answer 42

retinotectal pathway

Question 43

What are the 3 non cortical pathways?

Answer 43

1. retinopretectal 2. retinotectal 3. retinohypothalamic

Question 44

What pathway is cortical

Answer 44

retinogeniculostriate