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Gross Anatomy 2 > Exam 2: Superficial Structures of the Head, Ear, and Eye > Flashcards

Exam 2: Superficial Structures of the Head, Ear, and Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 superficial muscles of the head?

A
  1. Platysma m.
  2. Orbicularis oculi m.
  3. Orbicularis oris m.
  4. Rostral auricular mm.
  5. Levator nasolabialis m.
  6. Caudal auricular mm.
  7. Buccinator m.
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2
Q

Muscles that are important for movement of the temporomandibular joint

A

Muscles of mastication

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3
Q

Which muscle along with gravity opens the jaw?

A

Digastricus m.

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4
Q

What are the 6 main divisions of the ear?

A
  1. External ear
  2. middle ear
  3. inner ear
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5
Q

What 4 mm are needed to close the jaw?

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Masseter
  3. Medial pteryfoid
  4. Lateral pterygoid
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6
Q

What are the two portions of the outer ear?

A
  1. Auricle (pinna)

2. Ear canal

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7
Q

What are the 2 parts of the ear canal?

A
  1. vertical

2. horizontal

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8
Q

What is the horizontal portion of the ear canal connected to?

A

the external acoustic meatus

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9
Q

What 3 cartilages make up the external ear?

A
  1. auricular cartilage
  2. Annular cartilage
  3. scutiform cartilage
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10
Q

The type of cartilage that connects the cartilagenous meatus of the horizontal canal with the bony external acoustic meatus

A

Annular

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11
Q

The type of cartilage that serves as an attachment site for auricular muscles

A

Scutiform

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12
Q

What are the two auricular m. groups

A
  1. Rostral auricular group

2. Caudal auricular group

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13
Q

What does TECA stand for?

A

Total Ear Canal Ablation

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14
Q

Where is the middle ear housed?

A

in tympanic part of temporal bone

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15
Q

what is the common name for the tympanic membrane

A

Ear drum

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16
Q

What is the common name for the tympanic bulla?

A

tympanic cavity

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17
Q

Which species has a divided tympanic bulla?

A

Cat

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18
Q

What 3 bones make up the auditory ossicles

A
  1. malleus
  2. incus
  3. stapes
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19
Q

How does the middle ear communicate with the nasopharynx?

A

auditory tube

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20
Q

Where is the inner ear housed?

A

in the petrous part of the temporal bone

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21
Q

What are the two labyrinths of the inner ear?

A
  1. Osseous labyrinth

2. Membranous labyrinth

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22
Q

Which animals have a complete orbit?

A

horse, ox, goat

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23
Q

What completes the orbit in the dog?

A

orbital ligament

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24
Q

What structure protects the eye and adnexa, and is an attachment for extrinsic mm.

A

orbit

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25
Q

Conical layer of fascia that blends with the periosteum of the orbit

A

Periorbita

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26
Q

What are the 3 tunics of the eye?

A
  1. tunica externa (fibrous tunic)
  2. tunica media (vascular tunic)
  3. tunica interna (retina)
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27
Q

What are the 2 parts of the fibrous tunic

A
  1. sclera

2. cornea

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28
Q

What are the 3 parts of the vascular tunic?

A
  1. Irus
  2. Cilliary body
  3. Choroid
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29
Q

What are the 2 parts of the retina?

A
  1. pigmented layer

2. neural layer

30
Q

Which layer of the fibrous tunic is transparent?

A

cornea

31
Q

Which layer of the Fibrous tunic is opaque

A

Sclera

32
Q

What is the function of the choroid

A

Black areas for light absorption

33
Q

What is the function of the ciliary body?

A

ciliary mm, and ciliary lig. control the shape of the lens

34
Q

What is the function of the iris?

A

regulate the size of the pupil

35
Q

What are the two portions of the retina

A
  1. visual/optical part that coveres the choroid

2. Non-visual/ blind part that covers ciliary body and iris

36
Q

Where does the optic nerve begin?

A

optic disk

37
Q

Where do retinal vessels enter and leave the eye?

A

the optic disk

38
Q

What is the common term for the optic disk

A

blind spot

39
Q

What are the 2 chambers of the eye?

A
  1. anterior compartment

2. posterior compartment

40
Q

Where is the anterior compartment located?

A

b/t lens and cornea

41
Q

What fill the anterior compartment?

A

aq. humor

42
Q

What are the two chambers of the anterior compartment, and what separates them?

A
  1. anterior chamber
  2. posterior chamber

divided by iris

43
Q

Where is the posterior compartment of the eye located?

A

b/t the lens and fundus

44
Q

What fills the posterior compartment of the eye?

A

vitreous body

45
Q

What is the function of the vitreous body?

A
  1. intraocular pressure
  2. shape of eye
  3. prevents retinal detachment
46
Q

What secretes aq. humor

A

ciliary body epithelium

47
Q

What drains the aq humor?

A

venous sinuses of the sclera at the iridocorneal angle

48
Q

inc. intraocular pressure

A

glaucoma

49
Q

What are the 2 intrinsic muscles of the eye?

A
  1. ciliary muscles

2. pupillary muscles

50
Q

Which intrinsic m. of the eye regulates the shape of the lens?

A

ciliary m

51
Q

What n. innervates the ciliary mm.

A

oculomotor n.

52
Q

what are the tow pupillry mm. of the eye?

A
  1. Constrictor pupillae

2. dilator pupillae

53
Q

What n. innervates the constrictor pupillae m.?

A

oculomotor n.

54
Q

What n. innervates the dilator pupillae m.?

A

neuron processes from cranial cervical ganglion

55
Q

What are the 4 roles of the ocular adnexa?

A
  1. protection
  2. movement
  3. tear production
  4. blood supply and innervation
56
Q

A pulley-shaped cartilage that is attached to the dorsomedial wqll of the orbit, and directs the course of the dorsal oblique muscle

A

trochlea`

57
Q

Which is more developed, lateral or medial palpebral ligaments?

A

medial

58
Q

What is another name for the eyelid?

A

palpebral

59
Q

Continuous mucous membrane that lines the inner palpebrae and part of the globe

A

Conjunctiva

60
Q

What are the two types of conjunctiva?

A
  1. palpebral conjunctiva

2. bulbar conjunctiva

61
Q

Conjunctiva that lines the internal surface of the palpebrae

A

palpebral

62
Q

Conjunctiva that reflects onto the surface of the globe at the fornix?

A

Bulbar

63
Q

What is the scientific term for the third eyelid?

A

plica semilunaris

64
Q

concave fold of palpebral conjunctiva that protrudes from the medial angle of the eye

A

plica semilunaris

65
Q

What are the two glands of the third eyelid?

A
  1. accesory lacrimal gland

2. deep gland

66
Q

What is the flow of fluid from the lacrimal gland?

A
  1. lacrimal gland
  2. secretion flows over cornea
  3. lacrimal lake
  4. passes through puncta and into lacrimal canaliculi
  5. lacrimal sac
  6. drains into nasolacrimal duct
  7. dissipated via concection in nasal cavity
67
Q

What are the 3 mm. of the globe

A
  1. Rectus mm.
  2. oblique mm.
  3. retractor bulbi mm
68
Q

What are the 4 parts of the rectus mm?

A
  1. dorsal rectus
  2. ventral rectus
  3. lateral rectus
  4. medial rectus
69
Q

What are the 2 parts of the oblique mm

A

Dorsal oblique

ventral oblique

70
Q

Which m. is responsible for retracting the eyeball into the orbit?

A

retractor bulbi mm.

71
Q

Which m. surrounds the optical n.

A

retractor bulbi mm.

72
Q

What are the 2 mm. of the palpebrae?

A
  1. levator palpebrae superioris

2. orbicularis oculi

Gross Anatomy 2 (27 decks)

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