S8: Immunobiology Cont'd Flashcards
What percent of protein does the serum fraction contain and what are they?
The serum fraction contains 6 - 7% protein in a healthy animal, with half of the protein being albumin and the other half being globulin
What are the three types of globulin?
- Alpha
- Beta
- Gamma
What molecular weight do good antigens typically have?
> 5000 Da (Daltons)
What are H antigens?
Flagellar antigens, made from the flagella of bacteria
What are O antigens?
Somatic antigens, made from the cell bodies of bacteria
What is primary immune response?
Occurs the very first time the adaptive response engages a particular substance (antigen) and only then
What is secondary immune response?
Occurs with the second or subsequent encounter with the same antigen
What is the anamnestic response?
The accelerated response of antibody production that is seen in the secondary immune response
What is hyperimmunization?
The maximum antibody response to an antigen, due to repeated injections of antigen over a period of time
What are immunoglobulins (Ig)?
The group of antibodies produced because of antigen stimulation
What are the five classes of immunoglobulins?
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE
What is IgM?
The largest immunoglobulin and the first to appear in an antibody response. A product of B-lymphocytes that is secreted during the primary immune response. Enhances phagocytosis of bacteria or viruses.
What is IgG?
Produced after the production of IgM antibodies, mostly during the secondary immune response. Neutralizes toxins and viral antigens.
What is IgA?
Protects mucus membranes, and is the major antibody present in colostrum.
What is IgD?
Has application in cancer diagnosis in humans. It’s activates lymphocytes and is found on lymphocyte membranes, where its primary role is an antigen receptor for B cells.
