S5: Importance Of Laboratory Animals Flashcards
What are Koch’s Postulates?
4 pieces of criteria that an organism must fulfill before it is considered an agent of disease
What is antiserum?
The product of the blood of a vaccinated animal
What is inflammation?
The changes that occur in living tissue in response to an irritant or injury
What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?
- Redness
- Swelling
- Heat
- Pain
- Loss of function
What causes the redness seen inflammation?
When the body is initially irritated, the blood vessels dilate, and more blood flows to the area
What causes swelling and pain in inflammation?
Blood vessels in the area become more permeable and fluid enters the inflamed tissues
What causes heat in inflammation?
The increased circulation of the blood
What is inflammatory exudate?
The accumulation of fluid in the inflamed tissues. The fluid contains blood cells and proteins
What are the most important types of white blood cells found in an area of inflammation?
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Monocytes
What does pleomorphic mean?
A cell’s ability to change shape
What is chemotaxis?
The direct migration of a cell that is attracted and responding to microorganisms
What do neutrophils and eosinophils mainly do when they reach inflamed tissues?
Phagocytize bacteria
What do monocytes do when they reach inflamed tissues?
They mature into macrophages that phagocytize bacteria, and also release inflammatory mediators and regulate immune response.
How do monocytes/macrophages regulate the immune system?
They process antigens to present to the lymphocytes and initiate further immune response
