S3_L4; Foot Region & Clinical Flashcards
The keystone (center) of medial arch is the?
talus
The keystone (center) of the lateral arch is the _____ bone.
cuboid
TRUE OR FALSE: Both talipes equinovarus and talipes calcaneovalgus is known as rthe conditon: congenital club foot
True
TRUE OR FALSE: Both the medial and lateral plantar nerves came from the tibial nerve. Once it goes into the tarsal tunnel, it divides into two.
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
A. All statements are true
TRUE OR FALSE: The gracilis can be used for muscle surgery. In doing so, it will not make such a big difference since there are other major adductors
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
A. All statements are true
The following is true about the tarsal tunnel syndrome, EXCEPT:
A. affects the posterior tibial nerve
B. caused by pinching, compressing and irritation as it passes underneath the soft-tissue tunnel
C. may present with numbness/hyperesthesia
D. the tarsal tunnel is under the extensor retinaculum in the medial side
E. None
D. the tarsal tunnel is under the extensor retinaculum in the medial side
NOTE: Tarsal tunnel is under the flexor retinaculum
The following is true about the Pes planus , EXCEPT:
A. cause may be hereditary or age-related
B. observable collapse of medial arch
C. achilles tendon becomes medially deviated
D. weight of the foot is transmitted more on the medial side of the knee
E. None
C. achilles tendon becomes medially deviated
NOTE: It is laterally deviated
The following is true about the Plantar fasciitis, EXCEPT:
A. may be d/t flat slippers
B. a common self treatment is to use a towel and pull back your foot
C. overused condition characterized by pain and tenderness about the longitudinal arch
D. due to excessive and unaccustomed standing and walking
E. None
E. None
FILL IN THE BLANKS.
In walking, the weight starts at the (1)_____, and the first part of the foot that touches ground is the (2)_____. In running, the weight starts at the (3)______, and the first part of the foot that touches ground are the (4)_____
- heel
- calcaneus
- toes
- forefoot/toes
The following is true about the Talipes calcaneovalgus, EXCEPT:
A. common in males
B. foot plantar flexed (equinus)
C. pronated foot
D. everted at the midtarsal joints
E. None
B. foot plantar flexed (equinus)
Determine which condition is being described.
- lateral angulation of the big toe
- Pain in medial aspect of the thigh
- fracture of the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals shafts
A. Cricket’s thigh
B. Calcaneal spur
C. March fracture
D. Hallux valgus
E. Rider’s bone
- D
- E
- C
Determine which condition is being described.
- bony spur projecting from the back underside of the heel bone
- common in soldiers who march
- Lateral dislocation because of smaller lateral condyle
A. Cricket’s thigh
B. Calcaneal spur
C. Patellar Dislocation
D. Hallux valgus
E. Stress fracture
- B
- E
- C
Determine which condition is being described.
- partial avulsion of the tibial tuberosity
- named after a horse (Charley) who was limping after a contest
- hematoma around ASIS area d/t avulsion
A. Cricket’s thigh
B. Osgood Schlatter Lesion
C. Hip pointer
D. Rider’s strain
E. Limb deficiency
- B
- A
- C
What nerve is affected in Meralgia paresthetica?
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Lumbricals and flexor Hallucis brevis are the prime movers for what?
Metatarsophalangeal flexion
What action does the soleus muscle perform?
Plantarflexion
Which of the following are the 2 prime mover muscles for plantarflexion.
A. Soleus
B. Gastrocnemius
C. Extensor Digitorum Longus
D. Tibialis anterior
Soleus & Gastrocnemius
Which of the following is a prime mover muscle/s for eversion.
A. Peroneus longus
B. Peroneus brevis
C. Extensor Digitorum longus
D. Tibialis Posterior
Peroneus longus & brevis
What muscle dorsiflexes and everts the foot?
Peroneus Tertius
what is another name for the big toe?
Hallux
where are the two sesimoid bones located?
under the first MP joint
what the strongest and largest metatarsal and supports body for walking?
1st metatarsal
what metatarsal is the most commonly fractured?
5th metatarsal
what leg bone is not weight bearing?
fibula
what motion do lateral ligaments of the ankle resist?
inversion
what is another name for medial ankle ligaments?
deltoid ligaments
YES OR NO: Are the medial ankle ligaments commonly injured?
No
what are the motions of the flexor digitorum longus?
- plantar flexion
- flexion of 2-5 phalanges
Define gait.
the manner of walking stepping or running
Determine if the descriptions pertain to pes planus or pes cavus.
- The medial longitudinal arch is unduly high
- The fore foot is displaced laterally and everted and head of talus is no longer supported
3.The forefoot and hindfoot are the only ones
that touches the floor - Body weight forces the talus down and medial between the calcaneum and navicular
- Has a problem in the medial longitudinal arch
A. Pes Planus
B. Pes Cavus
C. Both
- B
- A
- B
- A
- C
This gait shows of a noticeable foot drop d/t weak tibialis posterior.
Steppage Gait
What movement does the proximal tibiofibular joint allow?
gliding
This connects shafts of tibia and fibula to further strengthen joint
interosseous membrane
What is the nerve supply of the proximal tibiofibular joint?
common fibular nerve
TRUE OR FALSE: Distal tibiofibular joint is a false joint.
True
What nerve supplies the distal tibiofibular joint?
deep fibular nerve and tibial nerve
The following is true about the ankle joint, EXCEPT:
A. the transition zone between the leg and foot
B. pivot joint
C. movements are dorsiflex and plantarflex
D. supplied by deep peroneal and tibial nerves
E. None
B. pivot joint
TRUE OR FALSE: Medial ligaments consists of the anterior talofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament, and calcaneofibular
ligament. It is tight when going to inversion.
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
B. All statements are false
This action is produced by anterior compartment muscles
Dorsiflexion
The following pass beneath or through the extensor retinacula, EXCEPT:
A. Saphenous nerve and great saphenous vein
B. Anterior tibial artery with venae comitantes
C. Deep peroneal nerve
D. Tibialis anterior tendon
E. Peroneus tertius
A. Saphenous nerve and great saphenous vein
NOTE: This passes anterior to it.
The Flexor retinaculum is divided to medial and lateral side by the _____.
Achilles tendon
The following structures behind the medial malleolus or tarsal tunnel, EXCEPT:
A. Flexor digitorum longus
B. Peroneus longus and brevis tendons
C. Flexor hallucis longus
D. Tibial nerve
E. None
B. Peroneus longus and brevis tendons
This is a cyme joint between the inferior surface of body of talus and the upper surface calcaneus.
Subtalar Joint
The talocalcaneonavicular and the calcaneocuboid joints are together referred to as the __________.
midtarsal or transverse tarsal joints
What movements take place at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
inversion and eversion
TRUE OR FALSE: The tibialis anterior and
extensor hallucis longus performs eversion
False
Determine the following ligaments.
- a strong ligament on the upper surface of the joint
- attaches the anterior tubercle on the
undersurface of calcaneum and adjoining cuboid bone - attached to the undersurface of the calcaneum behind and cuboid and the bases of the third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal bones
- Y shaped
- strong and runs from the anterior margin of the sustentaculum tali to the inferior surface and tuberosity of the navicular bone.
A. bifurcated ligament
B. long plantar ligament
C. short plantar ligament
D. plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
- A
- C
- B
- A
- D
Determine the type of joint.
- Lisfranc’s joint
- Interphalangeal joint
- Intermetatarsal
- Cuboideonavicular joint
- Cuneonavicular joint
A. plane joint
B. fibrous joint
C. hinge joint
- A
- C
- A
- B
- A
What movements do the Metatarsophalangeal joint allow?
flex, extend, abduct, adduct toes
TRUE OR FALSE: In the foot, intrinsic muscles are not developed as the in hands. If the child had no upper limbs, their LE will adapt to
be used to grasp things.
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
A. All statements are true
Supination is a combination of (1)_____, (2)_____, and (3)_____.
- inversion
- adduction
- plantarflexion
Pronation is a combination of (1)_____, (2)_____, and (3)_____.
- dorsiflexion
- abduction
- eversion
The foot serves as a resilient (1)_____ to absorb shock and constructed in the form of (2)_____ to enable it to adapt to (3)_____ surfaces
- spring
- arches
- uneven
This refers to the top or superior part of foot
Dorsum
The _____ nerve when it passes the tarsal tunnel will split and become the medial and lateral, medial calcaneal nerve
Tibial
Medial plantar nerve sensory forms sensation to almost (1)_____ area of the foot an the (2)_____ will be for the lateral plantar nerve
- 2/3
2.1/3
TRUE OR FALSE: The quadratus plantae is part of the 2nd layer of the sole of the foot.
True
TRUE OR FALSE: The abductor digiti minimi is part of the 3rd layer of the sole of the foot.
False
TRUE OR FALSE: The tendon of the tibialis posterior is part of the 2nd layer of the sole of the foot.
False
What are the 2 main functions of the foot?
- Serve as a lever to propel body forward in walking and running (spring motion)
- To support the body weight
Most important ligament in the medial longitudinal arch is?
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
This gait is seen when pt uses hand to lock their thigh for them to walk
Quadriceps Gait
