S3_L3: Popliteal, Leg, and Ankle Region Flashcards
The following is true about the menisci of the knee, EXCEPT:
A. Shock absorber when weight-bearing
B. Coronary ligament attach both
menisci to the top of the knee
C. Lateral meniscus is more freely movable
than medial
D. Medial meniscus is circular and broader
E. None
D. Medial meniscus is circular and broader
NOTE: It is C-shaped
The following is true about the popliteal artery, EXCEPT:
A. major blood supply to leg and foot
B. branch of the femoral artery
C. divides into two at the superficial region of the posterior compartment
D. ends at the anterior and posterior tibial
arteries
E. None
C. divides into two at the superficial region of the posterior compartment
TRUE OR FALSE: The Pes Anserine bursitis is aggravated when there is pronation and valgus stress to the knee. In this conditon, there is more pressure laterally.
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
C. Only the 1st statement is true
TRUE OR FALSE: Rupture of Tendon Calcaneus is common in 50-65 y/o. It frequently occurs in tennis players.
A. All statements are true
B. All statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true
Determine the following bursitis to its corresponding description.
- carpet layer’s knee
- priest’s knee
- clergyman’s knee
- injury by kneeling on the patella itself
- irritation at the tibial tuberosity
A. Prepatellar bursitis
B. Infrapatellar bursitis
C. Both
D. Neither
- A
- B
- B
- A
- B
This is the biggest bursa in the posterior of the knee
semimembranosus bursa
The biggest bursa in the whole knee is?
prepatellar bursa
In Genu valgum/tibia valgus, the tibia is diverted _____.
laterally
This muscle is responsible for unlocking the knee
Popliteus
This is the counterpart of cubital fossa in elbow
Popliteal fossa
Triceps surae is comprised of which muscles?
soleus and gastrocnemius
Foot pronation means that the foot is in (1)____, (2)____, and (3)_____.
- eversion
- abduction
- dorsiflexion
What is the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprain?
anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)
The Midtarsal joint is called (1)____ and this is where (2)____ and (3)____ movements happen.
- surgeon’s (chopart’s) tarsal joint.
- eversion
- inversion
This ligament is part of the central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle
Patellar ligament (ligamentum patellae)
The popliteal fossa is a (1)____ shaped (2)____ at the posterior aspect of the knee.
- diamond
- depression
The following muscles are the correct boundary of the popliteal fossa, EXCEPT:
A. ROOF - deep fascia of thigh
B. MEDIAL - medial head of gastrocnemius
C. LATERAL - semitendinosus
D. ANTERIOR - popliteus muscle
E. None
C. LATERAL - semitendinosus
The following are contents of the Popliteal fossa, EXCEPT:
A. Knee capsule
B. Tibial and common peroneal nerves
C. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
D. Genicular branch (obturator nerve)
E. Popliteal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
A. Knee capsule
This artery supplies blood to the surface of the foot as a continuation of the anterior tibial artery.
A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
This artery forms a looping web across the foot and down through each toe and unite with the dorsalis pedis artery.
A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries
E. Plantar arteries
This is the largest branch of the posterior tibial artery. It supplies blood to the outside and back of the ankle and calf muscles.
A. Posterior tibial artery
B. Anterior tibial artery
C. Dorsalis pedis artery
D. Peroneal artery
E. Plantar arteries
D. Peroneal artery
This is formed by junction of the venae comitantes of the anterior and posterior tibial arteries at lower border of popliteus muscle; it enters the hiatus to become the femoral vein
Popliteal vein
TRUE OR FALSE: The medial aspect of the
thigh is innervated by the ilioinguinal, obturator, and femoral nerve
True
All knee extensors have a common innervation. What nerve supplies the muscles that serve to extend the knee?
Femoral nerve
What structures provides cushion between the femur and tibia?
mensicus
What is the medial leg bone, commonly called shin bone?
Tibia
The anterior compartment of the leg is responsible for what movements?
dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toe
This is the strongest dorsiflexor and invertor of foot
Tibialis anterior
TRUE OR FALSE: All peroneals are evertors
True
What artery supplies the Lateral Compartment of the Leg?
peroneal artery
Which compartment is the largest in the leg?
posterior
This is the most superficial and largest muscle in the leg.
Gastrocnemius
This is often used for autografts in repairing flexor tendons to the fingers, aside from palmaris longus
Plantaris Tendon
This is a rounded, cordlike strong ligament that prevents excessive adduction
Fibular collateral ligament (lateral collateral ligament)
This is an expansion of the semimembranosus that strengthens the fibrous capsule posteriorly
Oblique popliteal ligament
The following is true about the cruciate ligament, EXCEPT:
A. Anterior cruciate (ACL) is weaker than posterior cruciate
B. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) helps prevent hyperflexion and provides rotational (torsional) stability
C. The anterior or posterior drawer’s test may be used for a special test
D. Both cruciate ligaments are located at the center of the joint; provides stability to the knee joint
E. None
B. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) helps prevent hyperflexion and provides rotational (torsional) stability
NOTE: ACL provides rotational (torsional) stability, NOT PCL.
Why is the Popliteal fossa clinically important?
The pulse of the popliteal artery can be palpated here.
What protects the neurovascular structures of the popliteal fossa?
Adipose tissue
What is another name for the floor of the popliteal fossa
Floor - Anterior border
What types of fascia are found in the roof of the popliteal fossa
Superficial & Deep Fascia
What does popliteal fascia connect
Fascia lata with fascia cruis
Where does the popliteal vein drain into
Femoral vein
How does the popliteal vein enter the popliteal fossa?
via the fibrous arch of soleus muscle
How does the popliteal vein exit the popliteal fossa
via the Adductor hiatus
The sural N. passes (1)_________ to the (2)______ malleolus
- Posterior
- Lateral
Which compartment of the leg does the common fibular N. enter?
Lateral compartment.
Medial rotation of the knee accompanies what movement?
Knee joint flexion
Ginglymus joints allow what movements?
Flexion and extension
What shape is the arcuate popliteal ligament
Y shaped
The anterior cruciate ligament passes _____
superoposterolateral
The posterior cruciate ligament passes ______
superoanteromedial
What muscle can be found in the knee joint
Popliteus
What shape are the menisci
Crescent shaped
What is the function of the menisci?
lubricate joint surfaces
Adipose tissue which separates synovium from the patellar ligament
Infrapatellar fat pad
This is a large extension of the knee joint synovium deep to the quadriceps femoris m.
Suprapatellar bursa
What is between the patellar ligament and the anterior surface of the proximal tibia, superior to the tibial tuberosity
Deep Infrapatellar Bursa
These are fluid-filled sacs in the knee that aid in reducing friction as the joint moves
bursae
This bursa is between the ligamentum
patellae and the tibia
deep infrapatellar bursa
This bursa is between the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the medial femoral condyle and the semimembranosus tendon
Semimembranosus Bursa
This bursa is at the insertion of the conjoined tendons of three muscles onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia
Pes Anserine Bursa
This is the the largest (posteriorly) and most commonly distended bursa found around the knee joint
Baker’s Cyst
This is also known as knocked knee
Genu valgum
This is the main nerve of the posterior
compartment of the leg
Tibial Nerve
This muscle’s action is plantar flexion of ankle and
inversion at subtalar joint
Tibialis posterior
