Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

269 > S/M2 > Flashcards

S/M2 Flashcards

1
Q

First sense to develop

A

Touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Touch development milestones

A

8 weeks
10 weeks
12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Touch

For the first 6 months

A

Infants show automatic grasp reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Touch

10 weeks

A

Reflexive grasp response to palm touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Touch is an essential

A

Part of attachment boding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

Research question

A

Can young infants cross-modal match?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

2 experiments

A
  1. Matching touch to vision

2. Matching vision to touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

Method

A

Infants either shown/given to hold item until habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

Findings (2)

A
  1. Infants look longer at novel object when shown

2. Infants don’t hold novel object for any longer when given

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

Conclusion

A

Cross-modal matching is not bi-directional at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sann + Streri (2007)

Infants can identify an object

A

They’ve previously held

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Motor development has major consequences

A

For cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crawling occurs between

A

5 and 11 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Herbert et al., 2007

Acquiring the ability to

A

Move unaided brings concurrent memory improvements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Herbert et al., 2007

9 month olds were split into two groups:

A
  1. Crawling

2. Non-crawling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Herbert et al., 2007

Method: Infants were shown…

A

How to play with a novel toy

Had specific action associated with it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Herbert et al., 2007

Results (2)

A
  1. Both groups could remember target action

2. Only crawling could retrieve memory in new context

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Study

9 month old crawling vs non-crawling memory task study

Conducted by

A

Herbert et al., 2007

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Herbert et al., 2007

The results give evidence for

A

Crawling = new experiences = greater memory flexibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Adolph, Tamis-LeMonda, 2014

Going from crawling to walking requires…(3)

A

Muscle development
New patterns of limb coordination
Balance control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Kretch, Franchak + Adolph (2014)

Attached an eye camera to infants, finding…

A

Walking allowed:

  1. Better visual input
  2. Better social interaction
22
Q

Perception

A

How we see/hear/experience the world

23
Q

Cognition

A

How we form/use/act upon mental representations

24
Q

Mental representations

A

Internal thoughts/states/pictures

25
Q

Much of what we know about infant cognition has been learned using

A

Violation of expectation task

26
Q

Violation of expectation

Step 1

A

Infants shown event repeatedly until they habituate

27
Q

Violation of expectation

How do we know if something has surprised an infant?

A

They look at the event for longer

28
Q

(Wynn, 1992)

4 and 5 month old infants look longer at…

A

The impossible event

29
Q

(Wynn, 1992)

Method

A

Violation of expectation task using objects behind a screen

30
Q

(Wynn, 1992)

Infants were more likely to look at a _____ structure than a _____ structure

A 
1+1 = 1
1+1 = 2
31
Q

(Wynn, 1992)

Infants also looked longer at 1+1 = 3. This suggests

A

More precise sense of number than “there should be more than 1”

32
Q

Object permanence

A

Understanding that even if an object can no longer be seen, it still exists

33
Q

Object permanence

Piaget observed that before 9 months

A

No reaction to object once it was hidden

34
Q

Object permanence

Piaget observed that AROUND 9 months

A

Search for objects out of view

35
Q

Object permanence

Piaget observed that at around 9 months infants can search for objects out of view. This suggests

A

They are acting on basis of thought

36
Q

Common test of Object Permanence

A

A not B Task

37
Q

A not B task is a test of

A

Object permanence

38
Q

A not B task

Infants at around 9 months

A

Persist in reaching for old location

39
Q

A not B task

At what age do they reach correctly to new location?

A

12 months

40
Q

A not B task

By 12 months, infants reach correctly to new location. This suggests that they

A

Can flexibly update their memory

41
Q

Which study challenges Piaget’s OP views?

A

Baillargeon (1986)

42
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

Used which paradigm to test object permanence?

A

Violation of expectation

43
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

Used VOE to test

A

Object permanence

44
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

How old were the participants

A

6 and 8 months

45
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

Findings

A

6 and 8 month olds looked longer at impossible event

46
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

Findings suggests that…

A

Infants have object permanence before 9 months

47
Q

Baillargeon + DeVos (1991)

The finding that 6-8 month old infants have OP was replicated

A

With 4 month olds

48
Q

Baillargeon (1986)

To be surprised by the event…

A

You have to know the block still exists

49
Q

What is the youngest observed age of Object Permanence?

A

4 month olds

50
Q

How can the discrepancy between Piaget’s and Baillargeon’s findings be explained?

A

Piaget’s studied ACTIONS

Baillargeon’s studied LOOKING PATTERNS

51
Q

Object permanence discrepancy

Children have KNOWLEDGE of the world from early infancy, but…

A

They only gradually become able to ACT on it

269 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions