Ruminant Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What animals have ruminant digestive systems?

A
Sheep
Cattle 
Goats 
Deer 
Giraffes 
Zebras
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2
Q

The 4 complex stomach structures in ruminants are:

A

Rumen
Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum

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3
Q

1st part of the ruminant system

actions

A

Mouth - teeth and lips hold food and chew

saliva moistens food

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4
Q

2nd part of the ruminant system and actions

A

Esophagus - through which food goes to the stomach

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5
Q

3rd part of the ruminant system

A

Rumen - 1st compartment of the stomach

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6
Q

Function of the Rumen

A

large fermentation vat with bacteria, protozoa, and certain fungi to break down roughages

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7
Q

Rumen capacity in cows and sheep

A

Cows - 40 gallons

Sheep - 5 gallons

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8
Q

What does the Rumen digest and with what?

A

Uses micro- organisms

Digests cellulose, synthesizes amino acids, and B - complex vitamins

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9
Q

How do you identify the Rumen?

A

Lined with carpet - like papillae

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10
Q

4th part of the ruminant system

A

Reticulum - 2nd compartment of the stomach

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11
Q

Reticulum’s function

A

Acts with Rumen in mixing activity and provides more storage for ferments, screens for foreign objects from digestive system

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12
Q

How to identify the Reticulum?

A

Has small compartments that look like “honey comb”

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13
Q

Reticulum’s capacity

A

Cow - 2 gallons

Sheep - 2 quarts

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14
Q

5th part of the ruminant digestive system

A

Omasum - 3rd compartment of the stomach

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15
Q

Omasum’s function

A

Aids in grinding action of food, moves 60-70% of water before abomasum

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16
Q

Omasum’s nickname

17
Q

How to identify the Omasum

A

Round and muscular with many folds

18
Q

Omasum’s capacity

A

Cow - 4 gallons

Sheep - 1 quart

19
Q

6th part of the ruminant digestive system

A

Abomasum - 4th compartment of stomach

20
Q

Abomasum’s function and uses what

A

Where most digestion takes place - contents very liquid
has digestive enzymes: pepsin, rennin, bile
breaks down proteins and adds moisture

21
Q

Abomasum’s capacity

A

Cow - 4 gallons

Sheep - 3 quarts

22
Q

7th part of the ruminant digestive system

A

Small intestine

23
Q

How to identify the Small Intestine

A

Small in diameter, long in length

24
Q

Function of the Small Intestine

A

Splits food into molecules and absorbs nutrients

25
Capacity of the Small Intestine
Cow 15 gallons; 130 feet | Sheep 2 gallons; 80 feet
26
8th part of the ruminant digestive system
Large Intestine
27
How to identify the Large Intestine
Large in diameter, small in length
28
Function of the Large Intestine
Absorbs water and forms indigestible wastes to solids - prepared for excretion
29
Capacity of the Large Intestine
Cow 10 gallons | Sheep 6 quarts
30
How do ruminants eat?
They eat fast and then regurgitate feed (cud) -done many times
31
Salivary glands functions
Secrete saliva, moistens food and mixes with food material to aid in swallowing
32
Pharynx
Funnels food into esophagus, preventing food materia from entering lungs