Parturtion and Related

Question 1

Parturition

Answer 1

Act of giving birth

Question 2

Parturition hormones

Answer 2

Started by cortisol (stress hormone)
Progesterone decreases
Estrogen, prostaglandin, and oxytocin increase (hormones relax the cervix)

Question 3

Dystocia

Answer 3

Abnormal birthing positions

Question 4

Which animals can have dystocia

Answer 4

Calves, lambs, foals, kids, humans

Question 5

Schistosomus reflexus

Answer 5

Fatal congenital disorder, spine is inverted, and baby is born inside out

Question 6

3 Stages of parturition

Answer 6

Preparatory
Fetal Expulsion
Expulsion of placenta/afterbirth

Question 7

Preparatory stage happenings

Answer 7

2-6 hours long
calf rotates to up right position
uterine contractions begin (Oxytocin and Cortisal)
Water sac is expelled

Question 8

Delivery stage happenings

Answer 8

1 hour or less 
Cow usually laying down 
fetus enters birth canal 
front feet and head protrude 1st 
calf delivery completed

Question 9

Cleaning stage happenings

Answer 9

2-8 hours
Caruncles and cotyledon attachments relax
Uterine contractions expel membranes

Question 10

Steps in calving assistance

Answer 10

Conduct pelvic exam
Determine position of the fetus
Examine size of the calf relative to birth canal
Attach ostetrical chain to front legs

Question 11

Starting up the calf

Answer 11

Clear airways and mouth area
Stimulate calf with rubbing
Could also give artificial respiration

Question 12

Uterine prolapse

Answer 12

Inversion of the uterus

Question 13

Causes of Uterine prolapse

Answer 13

Prolonged labor
Difficult birth
Excessive contraction
Subclinical milk fever