Estrus Detection and Artificial Insemination

Question 1

Natural Insemination

Answer 1

Deposition of semen by male into reproductive tract of a receptive female under normal body conditions

Question 2

Artificial Insemination

Answer 2

Deliberate introduction of semen into a female for purpose of fertilization by means other than ejaculation directly into the vagina

Question 3

Capacitation

Answer 3

Change undergone by sperm in female reproductive tract enables them to penetrate and fertilize an egg

Question 4

Ways to detect estrus

Answer 4

Visual
Teaser animals
Marker aids

Question 5

Visual estrus detection

Answer 5

30 minutes in morning and evening 
Swollen vulva 
Mucus 
Standing to be mounted 
Mounting other animals

Question 6

Teaser animal estrus detection

Answer 6

Surgically altered (vasectomized / Gomer bull) 
Androgenized cows/steers

Question 7

Marker aid estrus detection

Answer 7

Chin ball marker
Heat- mount detectors
Chalk/paint tail head

Question 8

Advantages of Artificial Insemination

Answer 8

Genetic improvement through increased use of superior sires
Disease control
Eliminates need for keeping bulls
Improving record keeping

Question 9

Disadvantages of Artificial Insemination

Answer 9

Time required to detect estrus
Percent of cows in estrus during breeding season
Trained personnel required
Over use of inferior bulls

Question 10

Major Steps of AI

Answer 10

Collect sperm for the male
Preserve and extend sperm
Insemination of the female

Question 11

Ways to collect semen

Answer 11

Artificial vagina

Electro ejaculation

Question 12

Artificial vagina

Answer 12

Device that simulates vaginal conditions of a female in estrus

Question 13

Electro Ejaculation

Answer 13

Electrical stimulation of the accessory sex glands and pelvic urethra resulting in ejaculation

Question 14

When is electro ejaculation used

Answer 14

in males of high genetic value that cannot physically perform mounting and ejaculation

Question 15

Extender

Answer 15

Solution in which spermatozoa are diluted and extends number of sperm and function

Question 16

Good seminal extenders must

Answer 16

Minimum cold damage 
Provide nutrients 
prevent microbial growth 
maintain viability 
low in cost