Routes of Administration

Question 1

Benefits of tablets

Answer 1

convenient, accurate dosage.

Question 2

Negatives of tablets

Answer 2

can’t be bitten, fluid needed alongside

Question 3

Routes for capsules

Answer 3

sublingual and buccal

Question 4

Difficulty with capsules

Answer 4

large, hard to swallow

Question 5

Liquids must be

Answer 5

shaken well before use and mixed.

Question 6

Peripheral Cannula is inserted

Answer 6

into peripheral vein in arms and legs

Question 7

Central venous catheter

Answer 7

placed into large vein in neck, chest, groin.

Question 8

Implanted port catheter known as

Answer 8

port-a-cath

Question 9

Tunnelled catheter called a

Answer 9

Hickman line

Question 10

For fluid replacement which IV fluid is used

Answer 10

Isotonic saline

Question 11

Synthetic Colloids are used to

Answer 11

expand volume

Question 12

Glucose and glucose salines provide

Answer 12

free water

Question 13

Balanced crystalloid solution

Answer 13

improves replacement

Question 14

Complications with IV therapy

Answer 14

infection, Phlebitis and tissue infiltration.

Question 15

Intravenous fluid therapy used to

Answer 15

maintain and restore fluid and electrolyte balance

Question 16

Intramuscular injections can be given where

Answer 16

deltoid, dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal

Question 17

Powders require

Answer 17

re-constitution in a solution

Question 18

Intradermal injection are done on the

Answer 18

inner lower arm with small amount of fluid

Question 19

Subcutaneous injections are

Answer 19

just beneath the skin, site of injection rotated

Question 20

Parental routes

Answer 20

intramuscular, intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, intrathecal, epidural

Question 21

Rectal route benefits

Answer 21

local or systemic, useful for vomiting patients.

Question 22

Rectal route disadvantages

Answer 22

training needed, unpopular, not always suitable.

Question 23

Transdermal benefits

Answer 23

long lasting, convenient, suitable for most

Question 24

Transdermal disadvantages

Answer 24

absorption varies, adverse skin effects, must be lipid soluble and very potent

Question 25

Inhilation benefits

Answer 25

local or systemic effect, rapid

Question 26

Inhilation disadvantages

Answer 26

difficulty in reaching site of action

Question 27

Topical administration benefits

Answer 27

convenient, minimal risk of overdose

Question 28

Topical administration negatives

Answer 28

adverse skin effects

Question 29

Bioavailability is

Answer 29

% of drug that makes it into drug stream

Question 30

Oral administration benefits

Answer 30

well absorbed, convenient

Question 31

Oral administration negatives

Answer 31

variable absorption, not appropriate for everyone, depends on stomach content.

Question 32

Drug potency

Answer 32

more potent in smaller people, 1st time drug user, usual drug user.

Question 33

Formulations of medicines

Answer 33

capsule, tablet, creams, powders, gels, solutions, syrups, gases, sprays, aerosols, lotions, implants.

Question 34

Organ with greatest blood flow

Answer 34

Kidney

Question 35

Water soluble drugs require

Answer 35

injections

Question 36

Distribution is the

Answer 36

transfer of absorbed drug into and out of various tissues in the body from the bloodstream

Question 37

Distribution affected by

Answer 37

lipid solubility of drug, blood flow and binding of drugs to proteins

Question 38

Metabolism is the enzyme mediated conversion of

Answer 38

a lipid soluble compound into a more water soluble one

Question 39

For excretion of drugs they must be metabolised and

Answer 39

converted to water soluble drug.

Question 40

Free drugs can bind to proteins in the

Answer 40

plasma

Question 41

What drugs diffuse across membranes to have an effect

Answer 41

free drugs