Analgesics

Question 1

Analgesics used for

Answer 1

pain relief

Question 2

Nociceptor is

Answer 2

receptor for pain- detect mechanical, thermal and chemical damage

Question 3

AB Fibres respond to

Answer 3

pressure, touch are fast, myelinated and follow the gated control theory of pain.

Question 4

C-Fibres respond to

Answer 4

mechanical, thermal and chemical issues, slow and non myelinated, respond to dull burning pain

Question 5

A(looks like a musical note) fibres

Answer 5

are mechanical, thermal and chemical, fast and myelinated, respond to sharp localised pain

Question 6

Dorsal horn of…………….senses pain, temperature, touch and pressure

Answer 6

spinothalamic tract

Question 7

Nociceptors block the production of

Answer 7

inflammatory mediators

Question 8

Prostaglandins can sensitise………..to bradyclinin using non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s) like COX-1 & 2

Answer 8

C-Fibres

Question 9

Prostaglandin’s like PGE2 increase

Answer 9

sensitivity of nociceptors

Question 10

COX-2 enzyme inhibitors end in

Answer 10

coxib…..e.g- Celecoxib, etericoxib.

Question 11

NSAID’s positives

Answer 11

relieve pain, anti inflammatory, antipyretic.

Question 12

NSAID’s negatives

Answer 12

many side effects, indigestion, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting and gastric bleeding

Question 13

COX Inhibitors prevent

Answer 13

side effects

Question 14

Aspirin+ and -‘s

Answer 14

NSAID,non selective COX inhibitor, can’t be given to under 16’s and can cause liver disease

Question 15

Ibuprofen + and -‘s

Answer 15

non selective COX inhibitor, 1st choice drug, less risk of side effects, can cause indigestion and peptic ulcers.

Question 16

Naproxen is

Answer 16

similar to ibuprofen but lasts longer and less doses required

Question 17

Paracetemol + and -‘s

Answer 17

antipyretic, can be used with kids but toxic to liver at higher doses and not very anti-inflammatory.

Question 18

NSAID’s + and -‘s

Answer 18

Opiod analgesics, e.g- co-codamol, can be given over the counter, more side effects though

Question 19

Opioid analgesics examples

Answer 19

opium, morphine, heroin, codeine, naloxone, fentanyl

Question 20

Codeine used in cases with what level of pain

Answer 20

Mild

Question 21

Morphine used only when pain is

Answer 21

Severe/very strong

Question 22

Opioids work by

Answer 22

opening potassium channels and inhibiting voltage gated calcium channels

Question 23

Morphine injected by which 4 routes

Answer 23

IV, IM, Subcutaneous or rectal.

Question 24

Local anaesthetics end in

Answer 24

caine…..e.g- lidocaine, prilocaine

Question 25

Local anaesthetics are small and so are more sensitive to which fibres

Answer 25

C- fibres and A (musical note symbol) fibres.