Rosh Review Infectious Disease Flashcards
What is the treatment of primary syphilis?
One-time intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units.
What is the treatment of secondary syphilis?
One-time intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units.
What is the treatment of tertiary syphilis?
Weekly intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units, for 3 weeks.
What is the treatment of neurosyphilis?
IV penicillin G 3 -4 million units every 4 hours OR continuous infusion for 10 - 14 days.
An acute self-limited reaction occurring within 24 hours after syphilis treatment is begun, characterized by fever, headache, myalgias, and other symptoms.
Diagnosis?
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
What are 3 common causes of infectious granulomas?
- Mycobacteria
- Histoplasmosis
- Coccidioidomycosis
Should patients with progressive erythema from cellulitis get oral or parenteral antibiotics?
Parenteral
What is the treatment of progressive cellulitis?
IV cefazolin
Is obesity a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is venous insufficiency a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is poor lymphatic drainage a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is immunosuppression a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is a pre-existing skin infection a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is toe web intertrigo a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
Is trauma a common risk factors for cellulitis?
Yes
What should patients with bacterial meningitis be given in addition to empiric antibiotics until the causative agent is known?
Dexamethasone
Negative hepatitis B surface antigen
Positive total hepatitis B core antibody
Negative IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen
Positive hepatitis B surface antibody
What’s the status of the patient?
Immunity against hepatitis B due to prior infection
Positive hepatitis B surface antigen
Positive total hepatitis B core antibody
Positive IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen
Negative hepatitis B surface antibody
What’s the status of the patient?
Acute hepatitis B infection
Positive hepatitis B surface antigen
Positive total hepatitis B core antibody
Negative IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen
Negative hepatitis B surface antibody
What’s the status of the patient?
Chronic hepatitis B infection
Negative hepatitis B surface antigen
Negative total hepatitis B core antibody
Negative IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen
Positive hepatitis B surface antibody
What’s the status of the patient?
Immunity to hepatitis B due to vaccination
A secretory protein processed from the precore protein that is a marker of hepatitis B infectivity and replication.
What is this called?
Hepatitis B e antigen
What is the most appropriate treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?
Liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine
What is a common central nervous system adverse effect of fluconazole therapy?
Headache
What should be suspected in a patient presenting with fever, rash, or joint involvement, most commonly acute onset symmetrical polyarticular arthritis involving the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints with associated joint stiffness?
Parvovirus B19 infection
What is the treatment of parvovirus arthritis?
NSAIDS
What is the best diagnostic test for acute parvovirus B19 infection?
Parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies, which can be performed in patients when etiologic confirmation would change management.
What is the preferred antibiotic if patient has MRSA and is allergic to vancomycin?
Linezolid
Is daptomycin good for respiratory tract infections?
No
Which score determines the severity on pneumonia by estimating mortality from community-acquired pneumonia to help determine inpatient versus outpatient treatment?
CURB-65 score
What is the first-line therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an immunocompetent patient?
Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir for 7 to 10 days.
What is the first-line therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an immunocompromised patient?
IV acyclovir
What is the first-line therapy for herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an immunocompromised patient, who also has ocular keratitis?
Intravenous acyclovir and topical corticosteroid therapy
In patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus involving the cornea, what is the most common corneal finding?
Punctate epithelial keratitis and pseudodendrite (composed of heaps of epithelial cells with negative fluorescein staining).
Which test is required prior to treatment with an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor?
A tuberculin skin test or an interferon gamma release assay for tuberculosis screening
Which disease is erythema migrans associated with?
Lyme disease
What are causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with common variable immunodeficiency?
Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and cytomegalovirus.
What should be coadministered with isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy?
Daily oral low-dose pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
