Board Vitals Otolaryngology and Dental Medicine Flashcards
Where is the tuning fork placed in the Weber test?
In the center of the forehead
Where is tuning fork placed in the Rinne test?
Mastoid and then in air in front of ear
In a normal Rinne test - is air conduction or bone conduction louder?
Air conduction
If bone conduction is louder in the Rinne test - then what is the problem?
Conductive hearing loss on that side
In case of sensorineural hearing loss - what are the Rinne test results?
Normal
What is the purpose of the Weber test?
Lateralizing the hearing loss
Where does the Weber test lateralize in sensorineural hearing loss?
Unaffected side
Where does the Weber test lateralize in conductive hearing loss?
Affected side
What is the treatment for sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss?
Steroids
What are the two main causes of sensorineural hearing loss in younger patients?
- Meniere’s disease
- Acoustic neuroma/vestibular schwannoma
What is the best diagnostic test for a vestibular schwannoma/acoustic neuroma?
MRI brain
What is the treatment of acute otitis media?
Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)
What is the treatment of acute otitis externa?
Topical antimicrobials
What is the most common organism in external otitis?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the most common organism in otitis media?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Impairment of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve due to mechanical disruption of the nerve from enlarged cardiovascular structures.
Diagnosis?
Ortner’s syndrome
Is CT or MRI more sensitive for fungal sinusitis?
CT
What is the treatment of choice in vasomotor rhinitis?
Ipratropium bromide nasal spray
In case of malignant otitis externa a technetium scan will remain positive indefinitely.
True or false?
True
Is a gallium scan specific for malignant otitis externa?
No
Can malignant otitis externa be ruled out in case of a negative CT scan?
No (can be negative in early disease)
What is the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Is imaging necessary in uncomplicated sinusitis?
No
What is the most common cause of adult bacterial epiglottitis?
Streptococcus species
Is montelukast more or less effective in treating allergic rhinitis than oral antihistamines?
Less effective
Is montelukast more or less effective in treating allergic rhinitis than inhaled corticosteroids?
Less effective
