Root of Neck

Question 1

location

Answer 1

@junctional region b/t neck and thorax

superior side of superior thoracic aperture/inlet
-lateral boundary = 1st ribs
-anterior = manubrium of sternum
-posterior = body of T1

Question 2

arteries

general

Answer 2

right side= brachiocephalic trunk > R subclavian + R common carotid

left side = L common carotid, L subclavain

Question 3

subclavian arteries

Answer 3

divided by anterior scalene into 3 parts
1. thyrocervical trunk + vertebral + internal thoracic
2. costocervical
3. dorsal scapular, not always present

Question 4

1st part branches subclavian

Answer 4

1. internal thoracic- descends to supply thoracic structures lateral to sternum
2. thyrocervical trunk > inferior thyroid (> ascending cervical) + transverse cervical + suprascapular
3. vertebral- deepest branch, thru transverse foramen of cervical vert

all medial to ant scalene

Question 5

2nd branch parts subclavian

Answer 5

costocervical trunk > supreme intercostal (rib 1 and 2 posterior) + deep cervical (erector spinae)

Question 6

3rd part branches subclavian

Answer 6

dorsal scapular- if present will go to rhomboids if there’s no deep branch of transverse A

lateral to scalene

Question 7

veins

Answer 7

right side = R internal jugular + R subclavian > R brachiocephalic > SVC

left side = L internal jugular + L subclavian + thoracic duct > L brachiocephalic > SVC

Question 8

nerves

Answer 8

lateral > medial

1. phrenic N- @anterior surface of ant scalene
2. vagus N - run w/ internal jug V and common carotid A > branches to recurrent laryngeal
3. sympathetic chain

Question 9

recurrent laryngeal N

Answer 9

major inn to laryngeal muscles

R side loops under subclavian > ascends in groove b/t trachea and esophagus to larynx

L side loops under aortic arch @ superior mediastinum > ascends b/t trachea and esophagus to larynx

deep to thyroid gland so can be impinged and cut off voice/make hoarse