Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 3 Anatomy > 2-Neurohistology > Flashcards

2-Neurohistology Flashcards

1
Q

pathways for sensory input

A
  1. conciousness- stimulus > receptors > pathway of series of neurons > brain > conscious sensory experience
  2. reflex/unconscious- stim > receptors > spinal cord > reflex resp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pseudounipolar neuron

A
  1. dendrites @ skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, periosteum, bone, arteries, mucous membranes, visceral structures
  2. nerve impulse down peripheral process bypass cell body
  3. axon terminals to CNS @brainstem or spinal cord

cell body in dorsal root ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neurons with sensory receptors

A
  1. bipolar
  2. pseudounipolar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

bipolar neurons

A

@olfactory epithelium, retina (rods/cones), vestibular apparatus (hair cells inner ear), cochlea

aka special senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

encapsulated dendrites

A

can be in
-meissner corpuscles
-pacinian corpuscles
-ruffini end organs
-muscle spindles
-golgi tendon organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

multipolar neurons

A

dendrites of multipolar neurons not have sensory receptors, neurotransmitter receptors instead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sensory receptor criteria

A
  1. location in body
  2. morphology
  3. velocity of conduction
  4. modality they carry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cranial nerve modalities

A
  1. olfaction
  2. vision
  3. gustation
  4. audition

cranial nerves only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cranial + spinal nerve modalities

A
  1. tactile sensation- touch, pressure, vibration
  2. nociception
  3. temperature
  4. proprioception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

touch types

A
  1. light - crude, non descriptive, don’t know what it is
  2. discriminative- fine, detailed, know info about what you’re touching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

stimulus path general

A
  1. stimulus elicits physiologic resp- visual, auditory, chemical, mechanical, thermal
  2. receptor activated by stimulus transduced into electric signal
  3. electric signal transmitted to nerve terminal for action potential gen
  4. CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

receptive field of receptor

A

area of territory where receptor resides/ is activated by a stim

large number of receptors in skin of face and hand
-less in skin of other parts like legs

-smaller receptive field = more detail/precise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

receptor classifications- stimulus source

A
  1. exteroceptors
  2. proprioceptors
  3. interoceptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

exteroceptors

A

either
1. teloreceptors- DISTANCE so light and sound stim
2. contact receptors- tactile, nociceptive, thermal, chemical

close to body surface and resp to external environ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

proprioceptors

A

are static, kinesthetic, position sense receptors

@ vestibular apparatus, skin, muscles, tendons, joint capsules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

interoceptors

A

detect sensory info from bodys internal environ
-chemoreceptors @ hypothalamus for PH, carotid body for O2, CO2
-baroreceptors @ carotid sinus for BP, bladder

17
Q

receptor classification by modality

A
  1. nociceptor
  2. thermoreceptor
  3. mechanoreceptor
18
Q

nociceptors

A

have free nerve endings
-mechanosensitive (xs mech stim or tissue injury)
-temp sensitive (intense heat/cold)
-polymodal (various noxious stim)
-pruriceptors (resp to histamine)

unpleasant/injurious stim aka pain

19
Q

thermoreceptors

A

have free nerve endings
-cold and warmth receptors, can detct inc in temp
-temp sensitive (intense heat/cold)
-nociceptors

20
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

can be
1. nonencapsulated- free nerve endings, peritrichial nerve end (root of hair follicle), tactile (Merkel)
2. encapsulated- meisner, pacinian, ruffini, muscle spindles (proprio), golgi tendon organs (proprio)

21
Q

meissner corpuscle

A

has 2 point discrimination
1. epidermis
2. nerve ending

22
Q

pacinian corpuscle

A

non-neural tissue surrounds nerve ending
-senses flutter/vibration

23
Q

extrafusal fibers

A

@skeletal muscle that contract to produce move
-motor inn by alpha motor neurons
-sensory inn by pseudounipolar

24
Q

intrafusal fibers

A

enclosed by muscle spindles (mechano) that monitor length

  1. nuclear bag fibers- noncontractile region + contractile portion, can be static (length) or dynamic (rate of length change)
  2. nuclear chain fibers- noncontract + contractile mostly sensitive to changes in muscle length
25
Q

golgi tendon organs

GTOs

A

@where muscle inserts into tendon
-arranged in series instead of parallel like spindles
-NO contractile portion or motor inn

monitor tension placed on skeletal muscle aka stretch

26
Q

–central regeneration

A
  1. CNS lesion
  2. minimal or no regeneration of tract axons
  3. no recovery of function

Block 3 Anatomy (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions