4-Basal Nuclei Flashcards
1
Q
function
A
- inhibit involuntary movements at rest
- facilitate voluntary movements
2
Q
inhibited movements
A
- tremors- rhythmi, distal extremities
- chorea- random jerky
- tics- brief action preceded by irresistable urge
3
Q
facilitated movements
A
- starting movements- getting up chair, start walking
- keeping/maintaining- speed of action
- stopping an action- stop and turn
4
Q
major nuclei of basal
A
- caudate nucleus
- putamen
- globus pallidus/pallidum
- subthalamic nucleus
- substantia nigra
1-3 = corpus striatum, 2 + 3 = lentiform nucleus
5
Q
striatum =
A
putamen + caudate nucleus
more functional description NOT short term for corpus striatum
6
Q
input to striatum
A
- corticostriate fibers
- nigrostriate fibers (substantia nigra)
- thalamostriate fibers
nigrostriate has dopamine neurons, lose in parkinsons
7
Q
output from striatum
A
- striatopallidal fibers
- striatonigral fibers
8
Q
input to pallidum
A
- striatopallidal
- subthalamic nucleus
9
Q
output from pallidum
A
- pallidothalamic fibers aka thalamic fasiculus = lenticular fasiculus + ansa lenticularis + subthalamic fasiculus
to VA/VL nuclei (motor)
10
Q
closed motor loop sequence
A
- supplementary motor cortex
- caudate nucleus and putamen (striatum) input gate
- globus pallidus/pallidum + substantia nigra output gate
- ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of thalamus
- repeat
11
Q
open motor loop
input into closed loop
A
- somatosensory cortex
- primary motor cortex- execution
- premotor cortex- orientation
all feed into closed loop/striatum via corticostriate fibers
12
Q
closed association loop
A
- prefrontal cortex- plan and decide
- striatum
- pallidum
- thalamus- VA (ventral anterior), dorsomedial nucleus
13
Q
open association loop/input
A
- premotor cortex (orientation)
- posterior parietal cortex (visual guidance)
14
Q
oculomotor closed loop
A
- frontal eye field-visual tracking
- striatum
- pallidum
- VA + dorsomedial nucleus thalamus OR superior colliculus for reflexes
15
Q
oculomotor open loop
A
input from
1. prefrontal cortex- plan and decide
2. posterior parietal cortx- visual guidance
