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Block 3 Anatomy > 3-Neurocranium > Flashcards

3-Neurocranium Flashcards

1
Q

contents neurocranium

A

cranial vault + cranial base, encase brain

unpaired
1. ethmoid
2. frontal
3. sphenoid
4. occipital

paired
1. temporal
2. parietal

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2
Q

viscerocranium contents

A

encase facial organs
unpaired:
1. ethmoid
2. mandible
3. vomer

paired:
1. temporal
2. maxillae
3. inferior nasal conchae
4. zygomatic
5. palatine
6. nasal
7. lacrimal

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3
Q

sutures

A

fibrous, functionally immobile joints
1. coronal (b/t frontal-parietal)
2. sagittal (b/t lobes of parietal)
3. lambodial (b/t parietal-occipital)
4. squamosal (b/t parietal-temporal)

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4
Q

glabella

A

most anterior projection, frontal bone

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5
Q

nasion

A

connect nasal-frontal bone

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6
Q

pterion

A

weak point in skull
-wing of sphenoid bone
-overlays middle meningeal vessl so epidural hemorrhages

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7
Q

vertex

A

most superior part of skull, parietal bones

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8
Q

anterior skull origins

A

aka most of viscerocranium
-from neural crest cells + pharyngeal arches

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9
Q

posterior skull origins

A

aka neurocranium
-from paraxial mesoderm

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10
Q

endochondral ossification

A

bones of base of cranium
make synchondroses joints

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11
Q

posterior skull origins

A

aka neurocranium
-from paraxial mesoderm

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12
Q

intramembranous ossification

A

most other skull bones (not at cranium base)
-makes joint sutures

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13
Q

bones in kids

A

metopic suture divides frontal bone
-anterior fontanelle + posterior fontanelle

cranial helmets used to correct plagio/brachiocephaly

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14
Q

normal aging process

A

sutures and spheno-occipital synchondrosis start to close and obliterate into old age
-patent/open, close/fused, obliterated

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15
Q

achondroplasia

A

affects endochondral ossification
-early fusion of epiphyses in limb bones and synchondroses of skull bones
-sphenooccipital synchondrosis fuses early so shortened anterior-posterior head diameter

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16
Q

craniosynostosis

A

affects intramembranous cranial vault bones
-early fusion of sutures = cranial deformation

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17
Q

diploe

A

trabeculae in flat cranial bones that stores red bone marrow
-so gets affected in any anemic state

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18
Q

hair on end sign

A

xs RBC production in anemic conditions
-looks like hair standing on skull
-could also be from parasitic overload or xs WBC (leukemia)

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19
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A
  1. bones- frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid
  2. lobes- frontal
20
Q

middle cranial fossa

A
  1. bones- sphenoid, temporal, parietal
  2. pituitary gland
  3. temporal lobe
21
Q

posterior cranial fossa

A
  1. bones- sphenoid, temporal, occipital
  2. cerebellum
  3. pons
  4. medulla
22
Q

dural venous sinsuses

A
  1. foramen cecum- emissary veins, frontal/ethmoid intersection
  2. groove for petrosal sinus @ temporal
  3. groove for sigmoid sinus @ temporal
  4. groove for transverse sinus @ occipital
  5. jugular foramen b/t temporal/occipital
23
Q

arterial grooves

A

groove for middle meningeal vessles behind pterion

24
Q

ethmoid parts

A

-crista galli (shark fin)
-cribriform plate with olfactory foramina
-perpendicular plate (part of nasal septum)

25
Q

frontal bone

A

has supraorbital foramen/notch
+ frontal sinuses
+ glabella
+ nasion

26
Q

sella turcica

sphenoid bone

A
  1. anterior clinoid process
  2. tuberculum sellae
  3. hypophyseal fossa for pituitary gland
  4. posterior clinoid process
  5. dorsum sellae
27
Q

foramen of sphenoid

A

cowboy ROSS
1. foramen rotundum
2. foramen ovale
3. foramen spinosum

28
Q

foramen lacerum

A

only foramen with no structures going through, covered by cartilage

29
Q

temporal bone features

A
  1. petrous portion for inner ear structures
  2. external auditory meatus/internal acoustic meatus
  3. processes- zygomatic + styloid + mastoid
  4. TMJ/articular tubercule
30
Q

occipital bone things

A
  1. sphenooccipital synchondrosis
  2. occipital condyles
  3. nuchal lines
  4. external/internal occipital protuberance
  5. condylar foramen
  6. foramen magnum
  7. hypoglossal foramen
  8. grooves for transverse and superior sagittal sinus
31
Q

olfactory foramina

A

CN-I

32
Q

optic canal

A

CN-II
ophthalmic A

33
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

CN-III, IV, V1, VI

34
Q

foramen ovale

A

CN- V3

35
Q

jugular foramen

A

CN- IX, X, XI
internal jugular V

36
Q

foramen rotundum

A

CN V2

37
Q

hypoglossal canal

A

CN XII

38
Q

internal acoustic meatus

A

CN-VII, VIII

39
Q

foramen magnum

A

CN XI enters

40
Q

stylomastoid foramen

A

CN VII

41
Q

incisive foramen

A

nasopalatine nerves/vessels

42
Q

foramen spinosum

A

middle meningeal A

43
Q

carotid canal

A

internal carotid A

44
Q

foramen magnum

A

brainstem/spinal cord
-vertebral arteries
-CN XI

45
Q
A

Block 3 Anatomy (22 decks)

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