Rome Conquers Italy Flashcards
What was the law of 367 BC saying one of two consuls could be a plebeian, and who was the first to do it?
Lex Licinia Sextia(367 BC), Lucius Sextius Laternus was the first in 366 BC
What law of 342 BC said one of two consuls must be a plebeian, banned loans with interests, and forbade people from having multiple offices at the same time or within ten years (that part didn’t work)?
Lex Genucia (342 BC)
What law of 326/313 BC forbade debt bonding (becoming a slave/doing service to repay debt)?
Lex Poetelia Papiria
What law of 287 BC was the result of the 5th plebeian secession, making plēbiscīta (laws written by plebeian council) apply to everyone?
Lex Hortensia(287 BC)
What plebeian was made dictator to deal with the 5th secession of the plebs?
Q. Hortensius
Where did the plebeians go on this 5th and final secession?
Janiculum hill
How many secessions of the plebeians were there?
5
What prompted the 1st Samnite War?
Samnites attacked Capua, Capua asks for Rome’s help
At what battle of 343 BC did M. Valerius Corvus defeat the Samnites and a large Gaul with the help of a raven during the First Samnite War?
Battle of Mt Garus (343 BC)
What was the Latin War?
Rome finishes off the Latin League (340-338 BC)
What consul of 340 BC killed a large Gaul and took his necklace, and killed his son for deserting his military post?
T. Manlius Torquatus
Who were the two consuls of 340 BC?
P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Torquatus
Who was the first to commit devotio?
Publius Decius Mus at the Battle Vesuvius
What war was the battle of Vesuvius (340 BC) a part of?
Latin War
Who were the consuls at Vesuvius?
T. Manlius Torquatus
P. Decius Mus
Why did T. Manlius Torquatus kill his own son at the Battle of Vesuvius (340 BC)?
He had disobeyed orders and fought an enemy in hand to hand single combat
At what battle of 338 BC did C. Maenius and the Romans take the defeated enemy ships’ prows to decorate the rostra (speaking platform)?
Battle of Antium (338 BC)
How many Samnite Wars were there?
3
Who were the Samnites?
A hill tribe who sided with the Romans briefly in the Latin War, but they were enemies with Rome
When was the Battle of Caudine Forks?
321 BC, part of the 2nd Samnite War
Who led the Samnite forces at the Caudine Forks?
Gavius Pontius
Who led the Roman forces at the Caudine Forks?
Postumius Albinus and Veturius Calvinus
What was the Battle of Caudine Forks?
Samnite general Gavius Pontius has trapped the Romans in a narrow mountain pass, he writes to his father Herennius Pontius for advice (first says to let them go, then to kill all of them), Pontius decides to make them walk under the yoke, humiliating them
After the disaster at the Caudine Forks, who is put in charge of the Roman army?
Papirius Cursor
Who eventually killed Gavius Pontius?
Fabius Rullianus
What was the second major Roman defeat of the 2nd Samnite War?
Battle of Latulae (315 BC)
Who was the defeated Roman dictator at Latulae (315 BC)?
Fabius Rullianus
After what disastrous defeat of the Romans in the Second Samnite War did the city of
Capua switch its loyalty to the Samnites?
Battle of Latulae (315 BC)
Why and when was the Via Appia (Regina Viarum) built?
Built in 312 BC because in order for the Romans to fight the Samnite wars, they needed to send supplies through the Pontine Marshes, eventually built to Brundisium
Who built both the Via Appia and Aqua Appia (first aqueduct in Rome) in 312 BC?
Appius Claudius Caechus (blind)
Who led the Roman forces to victory against the Etruscans (Samnite ally) at the Battle of Lake Vadimo in 310 BC?
Fabius Rullianus
What was the Battle of Sentinum? (295 BC)
Rome defeats Samnite, Etruscan, and Gallic forces
Who led the Romans at the Battle of Sentinum?
Fabius Rullianus
Who commits devotio at the Battle of Sentinum (295 BC)?
Publius Decius Mus (og decius mus’ son)
At what battle of 293 BC did L. Papirius Cursor defeated the Samnites and their “Linen Legion” ?
Aquilonia (293 BC)
Who ended the 3rd Samnite war during his 290 BC consulship?
Manius Curius Dentatus
Who was thought of as incorruptible since he refused to be bribed and instead preferred to eat his turnips? (there’s another incorruptible guy too though)
Manius Curius Dentatus
What was Magna Graecia?
Southern Italy, colonized by Greece
Who was Pyrrhus?
King of Epirus, 2nd cousin of Alexander the Great
What was Pyrrhus’ connection to Sicily?
He was King of Sicily from 278-276 BC since the Greeks in Sicily wanted help driving off the Carthaginians
What started the Pyrrhic Wars?
Rome sailed through the Bay of Tarentum, Tarentum asks Greece for help, King Pyrrhus of Epirus wants to do it
First foreign general hired to lead an army against Rome
Pyrrhus
Who was the first to use elephants against Rome, and what were they called?
Pyrrhus used Lucanian Oxen (elephants) against Rome for the first time
What were the battles of the Pyrrhic War?
Heraclea (Pyrrhus wins, 1st time with elephants), Asculum (Pyrrhic victory), Beneventum (Rome wins, changes from Maleventum to Beneventum)
Who was defeated at Heraclea?
Valerius Laevinus
Who did Pyrrhus attempt to negotiate with after Heraclea?
Gaius Fabricius who was incorruptible and couldn’t be bribed, so Pyrrhus just handed the hostages over without a ransom
What do maleventum and beneventum mean?
Bad wind, good wind
What was Pyrrhus’ connection to Macedonia?
He was briefly king there from 274 to 272 BC following his defeat at Beneventum
How, and at what battle, was Pyrrhus killed?
Battle of Argos (272 BC) , the mother of the soldier he was fighting threw a roof tile at him
Who was the victorious Roman general at Beneventum?
Manius Curius Dentatus (turnip dude)
When did Rome defeat Pyrrhus at Beneventum, now ruling over entire Italian peninsula?
275 BC
Son of Aecides and Phthia
Pyrrhus
