Flavian Dynasty through Five Good Emperors Flashcards
When was the Flavian Dynasty in power?
69-96 AD
Who was the first of the Flavian emperors?
Vespasian
Who was Vespasian originally?
Soldier under Claudius when acquiring Britannia
Who was Vespasian’s regent in Rome while he made his way there?
C. Licinius Mucianus
What emperor’s reign led to philosophers’ opposition to his plan of passing down the empire hereditarily?
Vespasian
What philosopher did Vespasian have executed in 75 AD? (Exiled by Nero)
Helvidius Priscus
What emperor was the son of a tax collector?
Vespasian
Who did Vespasian appoint as governor of Britannia?
Agricola
What areas of Britannia did Agricola conquer?
Wales, Northern England, and Scotland
At what battle of 83 AD did Agricola defeat the Caledonians?
Mons Graupius
Who did Agricola defeat in 83 AD at Mons Graupius?
Calgacus and the Caledonians
What did Vespasian tax, and what did he say about it?
Urine, said “pecunia non olet”
Which emperor appointed Vespasian as the general of the Roman forces during the First Jewish War (66-73 AD)?
Nero
At what event of 73-74 AD did over a thousand Jewish people kill themselves rather than be captured by the approaching Romans up the hill?
Siege of Masada
Which Roman led the forces at the Siege of Mesada?
Flavius Silva
What building projects did Vespasian commission?
Flavian Amphitheater, Forum Vespasiani, and Templum Pacis (temple of peace, had a marble map of Rome)
Who was Vespasian’s older son, and second Flavian emperor?
Titus
Who sacked Jerusalem in 70 AD, getting an Arch in the Forum for it?
Titus
Which Jewish princess did Titus have an affair with?
Berenice
Who was emperor when the Flavian Amphitheater opened in 80 AD?
Titus
Who was the “Darling of Mankind”?
Titus
What were the three bad things in Titus’s rule?
Eruption of Mt Vesuvius (Aug 24, 79 AD), big fire, big plague (killed him)
Who was the last of the Flavian’s and younger son to Vespasian?
Domitian
What did Domitian have people call him?
“Dominus et Deus” (Lord and God)
What temple, destroyed in the fire of 80 AD, did Domitian rebuild?
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
Who revolted in 88 AD, during Domitian’s rule?
Saturninus, governor of Germania Superior
Which Romans put down the revolt of Saturninus in 89 AD?
Trajan (not really) and Lappius Maximus (L. Appius Maximus)
Where did Lappius Maximus defeat Saturninus in 89 AD?
Battle of Castellum
Who did Domitian persecute?
Christians, and limited Senate’s power
How did Domitian die?
His servant Stephanus stabs him to death under the orders of Domitian’s wife, Domitia
“Damnatio Memoriae” refers to the erasing from memory of which emperor?
Domitian
Who was the first of the 5 Good Emperors?
Nerva, old, chosen by Senate
Which Praetorian Guard did Nerva reveal to have been involved in Domitian’s assassination plot?
Petronius Secundus
What was Nerva’s full name?
M. Cocceius Nerva
Why does Nerva choose Trajan as his heir?
Trajan had military support, so making him his heir made the army support Nerva more
Where was Trajan governor of when Nerva adopted him?
Germania Inferior
The ashes of which emperor, a distant relative of the Julio-Claudians, were the last to be
placed in the Mausoleum of Augustus in 98 AD?
Nerva
Name the 5 Good Emperors in order?
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius
Who was the second of the 5 Good Emperors?
Trajan
What was Trajan’s full name?
M. Ulpius Trajanus
Who was the “optimus princeps” (best leader)?
Trajan
Who was the first emperor from a province, and where was her from?
Trajan, from Italica in Hispania Baetica
When did the Empire reach its greatest extent?
117 AD, when Trajan died
What four provinces did Trajan acquire?
Arabia, Mesopotamia, Armenia, and Dacia
How did Trajan die?
A stroke
What city did Trajan defeat to acquire Mesopotamia?
Ctesiphon
Who did Trajan have to fight to gain Dacia?
Decebalus
Which of Rome’s seven hills had to be partially excavated to provide room for Trajan’s
market and forum?
Quirinal
How did Decebalus die?
Suicide to avoid capture
What city in Dacia did Trajan destroy?
Sarmizegetusa
Who did Trajan defeat to gain Armenia?
Parthamasiris, King of Armenia
Who was Trajan’s wife?
Plotina
What was the alimenta program?
-Helped the poor
-Expanded by Trajan (might have been started by Nerva)
Who was Trajan just returning from fighting when he died?
The Parthians
What emperor’s rise to the throne was aided by a Praetorian prefect, and what was his name?
Hadrian was helped to the throne by Attianus
What was Hadrian called?
Graeculus “Greekling”
Who was Hadrian’s lover?
Antinous, who died in the Nile and Hadrian made cults around him
Where was Hadrian’s villa?
Tivoly
Who was Hadrian’s wife?
Sabina
Selgovae and Novantae were tribes of what province?
Britannia
What structure went from the Solway Firth to the River Tyne?
Hadrian’s Wall
What governor of Britannia is credited with the building of Hadrian’s wall?
Platorius Nepos
Who rebuilt the Pantheon after it burned down?
Hadrian
Who built the Athenaeum, and what was it?
Hadrian
It was a college-like place that focused on Greek literature
What city did Hadrian build on top of the ruins of Jerusalem?
Aelia Capitolina
What revolt occurred after Hadrian put up a statue of Jupiter Optimus Maximus in Aelia Capitolina, and who led each side?
The Bar Khokba revolt, Romans led by Julius Severus, Jewish people led by Simon Bar Khokba
What did Hadrian build in Rome for his family?
Hadrian’s Mausoleum
Who was the fourth of the 5 Good Emperors?
Antoninus Pius (not much known, peaceful rule)
What did Antoninus Pius build?
Antonine Wall (north of Hadrian’s)
Who was Antoninus Pius’s governor of Britannia who built the wall?
Q. Lollius Urbicus
What structure went from the Firth of Clyde to the Firth of Forth?
Antonine Wall
What was unique about the Antonine Wall?
It was mainly made of turf
Why was Antoninus Pius called “Pius”?
Would only agree to be emperor if the senate deified Harian
What was the condition on which Hadrian adopted Antoninus Pius?
That he would adopt Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Aurelius Verus
Who was Antoninus Pius’ wife?
Faustina the Elder (mother of Faustina the Younger)
Who was the last of the 5 Good Emperors?
Marcus Aurelius
Who were 3 tutors of Marcus Aurelius?
Aninus Macer, Herodes Atticus, and Fronto
What was Marcus Aurelius’ original name?
Marcus Annius Verus
Who was the Philosopher Emperor?
Marcus Aurelius
What nickname was young Marcus Aurelius given, and who gave it to him?
Hadrian (emperor) gave him the nickname Verissimus
What did Marcus Aurelius write?
The Meditations
Who did Marcus Aurelius co-rule with?
Lucius Aurelius Verus
Who was Lucius Verus’s wife?
Lucilla (Marcus Aurelia’s daughter)
What general under Marcus Aurelius sacked Ctesiphon (in Parthia) and later plotted against Marcus Aurelius by spreading a rumor that he was dead?
Avidius Cassius
Who and where did Marcus Aurelius fight?
Around the Danube, The Marcomanni
Who did Marcus Aurelius summon to Rome during the plague?
Galen, a famous physician
Who did Marcus Aurelius fight?
Quadi, Sarmatians, Iazyges, and Marcomanni
Who was Marcus Aurelius’ son?
Commodus
Who was Marcus Aurelius’ wife?
Faustina the Younger
Where did Marcus Aurelius die in 180 AD?
Vienna/ Vindebona
Who added the hexagonal port at Ostia?
Trajan
Marcus Aurelius’s last words
“Go to the rising sun; I am already setting.”
